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Not AvailableSmooth transition from pregnancy to lactation is important for high productive and reproductive performance during later postpartum period in dairy animals. On the other hand, the poor transition often leads to huge economic loss to dairy farmers due to compromised production and reproduction. Therefore, understanding the causes and consequence of metabolic changes during the transition period is very important for postpartum health management. In this review, metabolic changes with reference to negative energy balance in transition cow and its effect on health and reproduction during the later postpartum period in dairy animals are discussed besides the role of metabolic inflammation in postpartum performance in dairy animalsNot Availabl

TRANSITION PERIOD INFLUENCES LACTATION PERFORMANCE IN ZEBU

Not AvailableWe evaluated the changes in the concentration of innate immune molecules (haptoglobin: Hp, serum amyloid A: SAA, IL-6, TNF-D, IL-1E, and IL-8), energy indicators [NEFA, dry matter intake (DMI) and body condition scoring (BCS)] during the transition period in dual-purpose Zebu (Deoni breed) cows in relation to milk yield. Blood collection was done at weekly intervals (–21±2, –14±1, –7±1, d pre-partum, day 0 (date of calving) and 3±1, 7±1, 14±1, 21±2 d postpartum period) for estimation of above plasma variables using commercially available bovine specific ELISA kits. We also recorded DMI and BCS during the corresponding period. Transition cows were classified based on their milk yield during the study period as high (6), medium (6) and low (6) yielding cows and data were analyzed by using Mixed-model repeated measure analysis. High yielding (HY) cows had significantly higher concentrations of SAA, TNF-D, and IL-6 during pre-partum and early postpartum period than low yielding (LY) cows. DMI was significantly higher in HY cows than MY (3rd and 7th d) or LY cows (21st d) while, BCS was significantly higher in HY than LY cows during pre-partum period (-7th d). LY cows had significantly higher concentration of NEFA during the postpartum period (14th and 21st d). It is concluded that the active functioning of the immune system and more dry matter intake in transition Deoni cows enabled to synthesise more milk during the postpartum period.ICAR-NDR

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Not AvailableThe aim of the present study was to assess if the metabolic adaptation and immune status during transition period influence the postpartum reproductive performance in dairy cattle. We assessed the levels of innate immune molecules (Haptoglobin: Hp, Serum Amyloid A: SAA, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8) and energy balance indicators [NEFA and Dry Matter Intake (DMI)] in transition Zebu (Deoni breed) cows that became pregnant within breeding period (n = 7) and remained non-pregnant (n = 10) even after the breeding period (i.e. from 45 to 180 days postpartum). Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals during transition period (−21 d before to 21 d after calving) and plasma variables were estimated using commercially available bovine specific ELISA kits. Plasma Hp concentration was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in cows that became pregnant during breeding period as compared to those that remained non-pregnant. While plasma TNF-α concentrations differed significantly (P = 0.05) between groups, such difference was not observed with SAA concentrations. Group x time interaction had a significant effect on plasma IL-6 (P < 0.01), IL-1β (P = 0.05), IL-8 (P = 0.05) concentrations and DMI (P = 0.001). Plasma NEFA concentrations differed significantly (P = 0.03) between groups, although all the experimental cows had NEFA concentrations within the physiological limits. Days in milk had a significant effect on milk yield (P = 0.001) and fat percentage (P = 0.03). It is concluded that active functioning of immune system, stable dry matter intake, and limited fat mobilization during transition period enabled the cows to conceive early during postpartum period.Not Availabl