Cosmic rays in early star-forming galaxies and their effects on the interstellar medium

Galaxies at high redshifts with strong star formation are sources of high-energy cosmic rays. These cosmic rays interact with the baryon and radiation fields of the galactic environment via photo-pair, photo-pion and proton-proton processes to produce charged and neutral pions, neutrons and protons. The cosmic rays thereby deposit energy into the interstellar medium (ISM) as they propagate. We show how energy transport and deposition by ultra high-energy cosmic rays is regulated by the evolution of the galaxy, in particular by the development of the galactic magnetic field. We show how the particle-driven energy deposition can influence the thermal evolution of the host and its surroundings. Using a parametric protogalaxy model, we calculate the heating effect on the ISM as the cosmic rays are increasingly confined by the magnetic evolution of the galaxy.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; Proceedings of the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2017), 10-20 July 2017, Bexco, Busan, Korea - PoS(ICRC2017)28

Data Mining to Support Engineering Design Decision

The design and maintenance of an aero-engine generates a significant amount of documentation. When designing new engines, engineers must obtain knowledge gained from maintenance of existing engines to identify possible areas of concern. Firstly, this paper investigate the use of advanced business intelligence tenchniques to solve the problem of knowledge transfer from maintenance to design of aeroengines. Based on data availability and quality, various models were deployed. An association model was used to uncover hidden trends among parts involved in maintenance events. Classification techniques comprising of various algorithms was employed to determine severity of events. Causes of high severity events that lead to major financial loss was traced with the help of summarization techniques. Secondly this paper compares and evaluates the business intelligence approach to solve the problem of knowledge transfer with solutions available from the Semantic Web. The results obtained provide a compelling need to have data mining support on RDF/OWL-based warehoused data

Online Crime Fraud Detection System

Due to dramatically increased usage of internet we are proposing our system online. Crimeidentification should be in such a way that the crime measures get reduced in society. Crime identification is the very crucial stage nowadays. Hence we are trying to propose a new web application, to ease of access, by the views of Police and Public. In this paper, not only we are having the crime identification system but also we are going to add some more features like fraud detection system of Government Identity Proof, Home owner’s renter’s verification. We are trying to implement this application at district level under consideration of Crime measures and process of crime registration. After successful implementation, we will try to make it worldwide. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.16044

Association between maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus and their related outcomes

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a direct correlation with maternal body mass index (BMI). Pre-pregnancy BMI is ideal for studying the outcomes of obesity in pregnancy. Unlike the west, in countries like India, pregnant women approach health facilities during first trimester making it appropriate to consider first trimester BMI, as a parameter to study outcome variables. In this study we correlate BMI and GDM in pregnancy as GDM has significant impact on mother and baby. Aim of study was to study maternal and neonatal outcomes in obese women who have conceived among two groups, GDM and non-GDM. Methods: Observational study conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital over a one-year period (2021-2022). All pregnant women in first trimester with Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30, calculated in first visit, was included in this study for follow-up. According to the results of GDM screening at 24-28 weeks of gestation by DIPSI method, pregnancies were divided into the GDM and non-GDM group. They were observed for risk of GDM. The obstetric and neonatal outcomes were noted and compared between the two groups. Data was analysed using SPSS software. Results: Mean BMI (32.79±1.47) among GDM group is greater than Non GDM (31.15±1.22), with p-value 0.00005 is significant. In obstetric outcomes, GDM is associated with increased incidence of preterm deliveries (p-value=0.004), gestational hypertension (p-value=0.002). In case of perinatal outcomes, increase incidence of hyperbilirubinemia (p-value=0.002), hypoglycemia (p-value=0.048) and sepsis (p value=0.046) in neonates born to GDM is seen. Conclusions: BMI calculation in early pregnancy is good indicator to monitor for complications in pregnancy including GDM. Therefore, identification of patients with high BMI and GDM requires regular follow up during pregnancy so that early intervention minimises complications.

Awareness of carcinoma cervix in nursing personnel of a tertiary care institute, Mumbai, India

Background: Carcinoma cervix is the second most common cancer of women all over the world and commonest cancer among Indian women. Awareness about cervical cancer and its prevention low amongst Indian women. The Pap test is a simple cost-effective technique for screening to help early diagnosis of cervical cancer. Nursing staff should be made aware of cervical cancer, so that they can spread the knowledge to the general public. Objectives of present study were to assess the knowledge level regarding symptoms, risk factors, prevention and screening of cervical carcinoma among nursing staff and to find out the behaviour of respondents regarding prevention and screening of cervical carcinomaMethods: A cross-sectional interview-based survey regarding knowledge of cervical carcinoma was conducted among the nursing staff of a tertiary care institutes of Mumbai.A structured questionnaire with multiple choices was used as a tool for data collection. Provision for open-ended responses was also made in the questionnaire. 100 nurses participated in the current study. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel. SPSS statistical software was used to generate statistical parameters like proportion, mean, standard deviation, etc. The test of significance used was the Z test and a P value of <0.05 was considered as the level of significance.Results: We lack an organized opportunistic screening program for cervical cancer in India. Data indicates a slow, but steady, decline in the incidence of cervical cancer. However, the rates are still too high, particularly in the rural areas. It is extremely essential to screen eligible women when they come to health units for other services. Studies have shown it is possible to train nurses to screen for cervical cancer. Attitudes that screening is to be done by doctors or gynaecologists only needs to change. The survey revealed that the hospital played a limited role as a source of information on Pap smear. This calls for a re-orientation of nurses, paramedicals and health workers and a need for introduction of simpler cervical cancer screening methods such as visual inspections that are more sustainableConclusions: Awareness about cervical cancer has to be improved. Education of the nursing personel will strongly contribute to strengthen cervical cancer screening programs. Nursing staff can and should educate the masses to help increase health awareness in women

Prospective observational study to evaluate the pattern of adverse drug events in cancer patients receiving anti-cancer agents in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the use of anticancer drugs are a worldwide problem and cannot be overlooked. They range from nausea, vomiting or any other mild reaction to severe myelosuppression. The study was planned to evaluate the pattern of adverse drug events to anti-cancer agents in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This observational prospective study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital from 1st January 2011 to 31st December 2011. A total of 213 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Out of them, 8 patients were withdrawn from the study as they subsequently underwent radiotherapy. The adverse events observed during the treatment were noted and analyzed by using applicable statistics.Results: Out of 205 patients, 98 were males and 107 were females. Breast cancer was the commonest type of cancer evident. A total 523 anti-cancer drugs were prescribed for the patients with alkylating agents being the most common. 635 adverse events (ADRs) were observed in patients with vomiting and nausea as the most common adverse drug reactions (ADREs). Majority of the ADRs (89%) had a latent onset (occurring 2 or more days after exposure to the drug). Few events were serious in nature (9%); fatal events were uncommon (0.31%). WHO causality was ‘possible’ for 94% of the events. ADRs were more frequently observed in females in the age group of 46-60 years; mood swings were significantly higher in women, while vomiting was found to be significantly common in men.Conclusions: The study showed that chemotherapy has a high potential to cause ADRs. Thus, there is a need for vigilant ADR monitoring to prevent morbidity and mortality due to ADRs

TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF ADOLESCENTS REGARDING THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL NETWORKING AT S.G.R.R PUBLIC SCHOOL, PATEL NAGAR, DEHRADUN, UTTRAKHAND

Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding the adverse effects of social networking. Methods: A descriptive research design was adopted for the study, conducted at S.G.R.R Public School, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Non-probability purposive sampling technique is used for data collection, knowledge questionnaire and Likert scale is used for the study. Results: The study results reveals that 2.5% of participants were having adequate knowledge. Moderate knowledge score was 92.5%. Inadequate knowledge score was 5%. Likert scale shows that 42% of adolescents are agree, 35.2% are strongly disagree, 28.8% are strongly agree, 28.4% are neutral, and 26.4% are disagree. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study reveals that the moderate knowledge score was 92.5% and in Likert scale highest percentage, 42% of adolescents are agree, so the attitude regarding adverse effects of social networking is positive

Impact of spousal work restrictions and number of dependents on expatriates’ work life and overall life satisfaction

Purpose Our understanding of the challenges and the broader role of spouses of expatriates is extremely limited. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of spousal work restrictions and number of dependents on expatriates’ work life and overall life satisfaction using qualitative and quantitative analyses Design Data were collected from 416 Indian informational technology professionals working in USA. Hypothesized conditional process models were analyzed using the PROCESS tools. Findings Spousal work restrictions and number of dependents created complications in personal life of expatriates, which interfered with their work life resulting in lower overall life satisfaction. We identified six core classes of challenges faced by spouses of expatriates: financial issues, frustration, loss of respect/low confidence, boredom, social isolation, and domestic tension. Older expatriates were able to better manage the responsibilities associated with number of dependents. More importantly, unlike adjustment, the issues associated with spouse work restrictions did not seem to improve with age or length of time in the USA. Originality Although media outlets have from time to time brought to light the issues faced by spouses of expatriates, the present study provides more credible and complete findings by conducting a qualitative and quantitative research study. To our knowledge this is the first study that has investigated the complications experienced by expatriates’ due to the work restriction (more specifically, visa related) issues faced by the spouses of these expatriates. Our mixed method approach also helps to provide a more comprehensive picture of these complications.https://scholar.utc.edu/iopsy/1001/thumbnail.jp

An indentured servant: The impact of green card waiting time on the life of highly skilled Indian immigrants in the United States of America

Highlighting the archaic immigration system in the United States of America (US), the present study demonstrates for the first time the impact of green card waiting time on the work and family life of Indian immigrants living in the US. Our present findings show that 93.4% of our participants are very concerned about the estimated green card waiting time in the US. We find 70% of the total participants are seriously thinking at the present time about emigrating to a more visa-friendly country. Also, 30% of the participants have already applied for permanent residency in a visa friendly country and 9% of the participants have already obtained a permanent residency in a more visa-friendly country. Based on these turnover intentions, we estimate the potential direct costs to American organizations due to the green card waiting time to be in the range of $19,303,200,000 -$54,261,724,160. Furthermore, our quantitative results show that the delay in receiving a green card is negatively affecting the work and family/nonwork life of Indian immigrants in the US. These critical issues are in turn causing health issues such as constant fear of unknown (uncertainty and feeling stuck issues due to green card backlog), stress, frustration and chronic health issues. Overall, in addition to the direct losses, the work and family issues caused due to the green card waiting time could result in indirect losses to organizations. We hope that the present findings may be useful to American policy makers and organizational leaders as further decisions are made regarding the American immigration system. In particular, we hope these findings will help to illustrate many serious implications associated with the green card delays and other visa-related proposed policy changes on immigrants, and their spouses, families, and communities.https://scholar.utc.edu/iopsy/1002/thumbnail.jp