Everyday-Life Business Deviance Among Chinese SME Owners

Despite its prevalence in emerging economies, everyday-life business deviance (EBD) and its antecedents have received surprisingly little research attention. Drawing on strain theory and the business-ethics literature, we develop a socio-psychological explanation for this deviance. Our analysis of 741 owners of Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) suggests that materialism and trust in institutional justice affect EBD both directly and indirectly in a relationship mediated by the ethical standards of SME owners. These findings have important implications for researching deviant business behavior within SMEs

Evaluating and controlling pharmaceutical emissions from dairy farms : a critical first step in developing a preventative management approach

Concern that pharmaceuticals may be escaping into the environment where the potency and persistence of certain compounds at trace concentrations could be chronically affecting biota is growing. Hitherto the main focus has been on human medications, personal care products and industrial endocrine disrupting chemicals. These generally enter sewerage systems where there is at least the prospect of partial removal by treatment plants before they enter waterways. By contrast, the agricultural sector, a significant user ofveterinary pharmaceuticals, has no such treatment – ompounds are deposited straight to ground in dung and urine or washed from hides in the case of topical applications.This study investigates the fate of a number of antibiotic compounds (as well as the insect repellent, DEET, via a pilot assessment) used in herd health programs on dairy farms in the cow rich MacalisterIrrigation District in Victoria, Australia. Results from samples taken from irrigation drainage channels and streams demonstrate that these compounds are foot printing into an aquatic environment that extends to the Ramsar-designated Gippsland Lakes and associated wetland system. Conclusions are drawn as to how this problem might be lessened by a targeted water quality monitoring program and some rather straightforward changes to farm management practices

Generic ecological impact assessments of alien species in Norway: a semi-quantitative set of criteria

The ecological impact assessment scheme that has been developed to classify alien species in Norway is presented. The underlying set of criteria enables a generic and semi-quantitative impact assessment of alien species. The criteria produce a classification of alien species that is testable, transparent and easily adjustable to novel evidence or environmental change. This gives a high scientific and political legitimacy to the end product and enables an effective prioritization of management efforts, while at the same time paying attention to the precautionary principle. The criteria chosen are applicable to all species regardless of taxonomic position. This makes the assessment scheme comparable to the Red List criteria used to classify threatened species. The impact of alien species is expressed along two independent axes, one measuring invasion potential, the other ecological effects. Using this two-dimensional approach, the categorization captures the ecological impact of alien species, which is the product rather than the sum of spread and effect. Invasion potential is assessed using three criteria, including expected population lifetime and expansion rate. Ecological effects are evaluated using six criteria, including interactions with native species, changes in landscape types, and the potential to transmit genes or parasites. Effects on threatened species or landscape types receive greater weightings