32 research outputs found
Distinct spatial characteristics of industrial and public research collaborations: Evidence from the 5th EU Framework Programme
This study compares the spatial characteristics of industrial R&D networks to
those of public research R&D networks (i.e. universities and research
organisations). The objective is to measure the impact of geographical
separation effects on the constitution of cross-region R&D collaborations for
both types of collaboration. We use data on joint research projects funded by
the 5th European Framework Programme (FP) to proxy cross-region collaborative
activities. The study area is composed of 255 NUTS-2 regions that cover the
EU-25 member states (excluding Malta and Cyprus) as well as Norway and
Switzerland. We adopt spatial interaction models to analyse how the variation
of cross-region industry and public research networks is affected by geography.
The results of the spatial analysis provide evidence that geographical factors
significantly affect patterns of industrial R&D collaboration, while in the
public research sector effects of geography are much smaller. However, the
results show that technological distance is the most important factor for both
industry and public research cooperative activities.Comment: 28 page
Explicitly searching for useful inventions: dynamic relatedness and the costs of connecting versus synthesizing
Inventions combine technological features. When features are barely related, burdensomely broad knowledge is required to identify the situations that they share. When features are overly related, burdensomely broad knowledge is required to identify the situations that distinguish them. Thus, according to my first hypothesis, when features are moderately related, the costs of connecting and costs of synthesizing are cumulatively minimized, and the most useful inventions emerge. I also hypothesize that continued experimentation with a specific set of features is likely to lead to the discovery of decreasingly useful inventions; the earlier-identified connections reflect the more common consumer situations. Covering data from all industries, the empirical analysis provides broad support for the first hypothesis. Regressions to test the second hypothesis are inconclusive when examining industry types individually. Yet, this study represents an exploratory investigation, and future research should test refined hypotheses with more sophisticated data, such as that found in literature-based discovery research
The role of public funding in nanotechnology scientific production: Where Canada stands in comparison to the United States
This paper presents cross-country comparisons between Canada and the United States in terms of the impact of public grants and scientific collaborations on subsequent nanotechnology-related publications. In this study we present the varying involvement of academic researchers and government funding to capture the influence of funded research in order to help government agencies evaluate their efficiency in financing nanotechnology research. We analyze the measures of quantity and quality of research output using time-related econometric models and compare the results between nanotechnology scientists in Canada and the United States. The results reveal that both research grants and the position of researchers in co-publication networks have a positive influence on scientific output. Our findings demonstrate that research funding yields a significantly positive linear impact in Canada and a positive non-linear impact in the United States on the number of papers and in terms of the number of citations we observe a positive impact only in the US. Our research shows that the position of scientists in past scientific networks plays an important role in the quantity and quality of papers published by nanotechnology scientists
Stopped sum models and proposed variants for citation data
It is important to identify the most appropriate statistical model for citation data in order to maximise the potential of future analyses as well as to shed light on the processes that may drive citations. This article assesses stopped sum models and some variants and compares them with two previously used models, the discretised lognormal and negative binomial, using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Based upon data from 20 Scopus categories, some of the stopped sum variant models had lower AIC values than the discretised lognormal models, which were otherwise the best (with respect to AIC). However, very large standard errors were returned for some of these variant models, indicating the imprecision of the estimates and the impracticality of the approach. Hence, although the stopped sum variant models show some promise for citation analysis, they are only recommended when they fit better than the alternatives and have manageable standard errors. Nevertheless, their good fit to citation data gives evidence that two different, but related, processes may drive citations
Patent citations, technology diffusion, and international trade: evidence from Asian countries
International Trade, Technology Diffusion, Patent Citation, South Korea, Taiwan, China, India, F1, O3, L6,