Hardness of decoding quantum stabilizer codes

In this article we address the computational hardness of optimally decoding a quantum stabilizer code. Much like classical linear codes, errors are detected by measuring certain check operators which yield an error syndrome, and the decoding problem consists of determining the most likely recovery given the syndrome. The corresponding classical problem is known to be NP-complete, and a similar decoding problem for quantum codes is also known to be NP-complete. However, this decoding strategy is not optimal in the quantum setting as it does not take into account error degeneracy, which causes distinct errors to have the same effect on the code. Here, we show that optimal decoding of stabilizer codes is computationally much harder than optimal decoding of classical linear codes, it is #P

Studies on vibration of some rib-stiffened cantilever plates

The vibrational mode shapes and frequencies of rib-stiffened skew cantilever plates as determined by holographic interferometry are given. The effects of varying the sweep back angle, rib stiffness and aspect ratio are studied along with the influence of varying the boundary conditions at the root chord on the vibrational behavior of the plates. The study is applicable to investigating the vibrational behavior of stiffened plates often used in the design of guided rockets and missiles

Expert Consensus on Barriers to College and University Online Education for Students with Blindness and Low Vision

The availability of online college and university courses have continued to grow, offering opportunities for education to students that may find attending in a regular classroom difficult, if not impossible. The number of students with disabilities enrolling in online courses is also growing. However, because of the mode of delivery (via computer/internet), blind and low vision college and university students can find it difficult to participate fully in an online course if it is not designed with accessibility in mind. Education is directly related to blind and low vision individuals becoming fully employed and independent. Blind and low vision college and university students who have previously taken an online course and used assistive technology devices to access the computer are aware of the issues of accessibility to online courses. The current study began by asking a group of blind and low-vision students to answer seven open-ended questions regarding their experiences accessing online courses at their college or university. The group responses generated 25 survey items and participants were asked to rate each item. Survey items were evaluated and participants were given the opportunity to re-rate their answers based on the group’s responses. The final results were evaluated and ranked in importance according to participant responses. Results were discussed along with the implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research

TASTE ALTERATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY

Objective: The study was conducted with the aim to determine the taste alteration (TA) and its relation with quality of life (QOL) of patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: The present study was undertaken among 100 patients receiving cancer chemotherapy with the aim of identifying the commonly experienced TA and its relation with QOL of the patients. The patients were selected by convenience sampling from a selected Cancer Institute in Kerala. Results: The study reported that TA was present in all the patients receiving chemotherapy ranging from mild to severe where 50% had moderate and 9% had severe alteration in taste. There were 19% patients who had poor and 45% who had average QOL. The TAs had a moderately negative correlation with QOL (r=−0.51) indicating that an increase in TA decreases the QOL. Conclusion: The study evinces that TA is a common side effect of chemotherapy which often impacts the QOL negatively. Hence, it is essential to understand the types of TA and the specific drug causing it. This will enable the health-care team members to develop treatments for these conditions and educate patients regarding the strategies to be adopted to manage the problem, thereby improving patients' QOL. Â

A Glimpse of Humanity and Inhumanity in the Films Pariyerum Perumal and Kanni Maadam

Cinema is an extensive platform for visualizing ideologies through entertainment and discussing issues artistically. Cinema plays a main role in human life like literature, painting, poetry, folk songs, etc. It is a tool to explore emotions created by filmmakers and stimulate them in the audience which is correspondingly a reflection of the society that speaks about massive issues like politics, history, relationships, adventure, etc. Over time cinema started to portray social injustices, especially by shedding light on marginalized communities. Cinemas mostly characterized Dalits as inferior neglecting their hardships but consequently started to represent their protest for identification and social equality. Contemporary young filmmakers in India are filling the space to speak caste politics honestly. This paper analyzes social inequality through select Tamil films, Pariyerum Perumal and Kanni Maadam, which articulated an extraordinary message by trying to picture the humanity and inhumanities displayed in the caste-practiced society. Humanity is one of the central elements that distinguish living from non-living. Exhibiting humanity in recent times is directly proportional to the necessities of the individual. In such a situation, an individual or community showing humanity to those who displayed inhumanity towards them is astounding. The select films explore the same by emphasizing how humanity displayed at the unexpected and undeserved moment can alter a person’s ego and change society virtuously. The paper also puts forth suggestions on how the marginalized can be uplifted and empowered by the theory of egalitarianism

Design and Implementation of Sensorless Capacitor Based Three-Level Boost Converter for Photovoltaic System

Renewable energy sources are pollution free energy sources. They are very useful because of availability, easy to implement, less maintenance and no green house gas emission. Three level boost Converter has an advantage of lower inductor current ripple and lower switch withstanding voltage than the conventional boost Converter. Sensor less Capacitor Voltage Balancing Control method for the three level boost Converter shows that the voltage imbalance can be detected from sensing the inductor current by sampling and hold strategy i,e. it eliminates the need for extra sensors. PV system is normally used with Boost Converter. But these Converters couldn't produce higher voltage gain and these need to operate it at higher duty ratio. In this paper three level Capacitor Clamped boost Converter is proposed. Hence the output voltage is three times greater than the given input. Here higher voltage gain is possible without going for higher duty ratio. Pulse Width Modulation Control technique is implemented. Simulation results and experimental results are also provided to validate the proposed system. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15065

First record of of unicorn sole, Aesopia cornuta (Kaup,1858)along the malabar coast

Flat fishes are very important demersal fishery resources contributing 4% of the trawl landings along the malabar coast. Flat fishes of the family cynoglossidae support the commercial flatfish fishery of malabar regeion, but the occurrence of flat fish of the family soledae is not common.The distingushing character of this species is brown colour with 14 -16 dark band edged with black, with some pale spots