Pausanias Historicus Atticae descriptio

Sign.: A-M4Caract. rom31 li

Ritual plants of Muslim graveyards in northern Israel

This article surveys the botanical composition of 40 Muslim graveyards in northern Israel, accompanied by an ethnobotanical study of the folkloristic traditions of the use of these plants in cemeteries. Three groups of plants were found to be repeated systematically and were also recognized for their ritual importance: aromatics herbs (especially Salvia fruticosa and Rosmarinus officinalis), white flowered plants (mainly Narcissus tazetta, Urginea maritima, Iris spp. and Pancratium spp.) and Cupressus sempervirens as the leading cemetery tree. As endemic use we can indicate the essential role of S. fruticosa as the main plant used in all human rites of passage symbolizing the human life cycle. The rosemary is of European origin while the use of basil is of Indian influence. The use of white flowers as cemeteries plants reflects an old European influence and almost the same species are used or their congeners. Most of the trees and shrubs that are planted in Muslim cemeteries in Israel have the same use in ancient as well in modern European cultures. In conclusion, our findings on the occurrence of plants in graveyards reflect the geographic situation of Israel as a crossroads in the cultural arena between Asia and Europe. Most of the traditions are common to the whole Middle East showing high relatedness to the classical world as well as to the present-day Europe

The supernatural characters and powers of sacred trees in the Holy Land

This article surveys the beliefs concerning the supernatural characteristics and powers of sacred trees in Israel; it is based on a field study as well as a survey of the literature and includes 118 interviews with Muslims and Druze. Both the Muslims and Druze in this study attribute supernatural dimensions to sacred trees which are directly related to ancient, deep-rooted pagan traditions. The Muslims attribute similar divine powers to sacred trees as they do to the graves of their saints; the graves and the trees are both considered to be the abode of the soul of a saint which is the source of their miraculous powers. Any violation of a sacred tree would be strictly punished while leaving the opportunity for atonement and forgiveness. The Druze, who believe in the transmigration of souls, have similar traditions concerning sacred trees but with a different religious background. In polytheistic religions the sacred grove/forest is a centre of the community's official worship; any violation of the trees is regarded as a threat to the well being of the community. Punishments may thus be collective. In the monotheistic world (including Christianity, Islam and Druze) the pagan worship of trees was converted into the worship/adoration of saints/prophets; it is not a part of the official religion but rather a personal act and the punishments are exerted only on the violating individual

Pausanias, ou voyage historique de la Grèce

Pausanias ; traduit en françois par l'abbé GédoynTome 1: [1] Bl., Frontispiz, [1] Bl., XXIV, 478 S., [2] Bl., VIII S., 2 Karten, 2 Taf. ; tome 2: [2] Bl., 523, VI S., [1] Bl., 1 Karte, 2 Taf

Título: De veteris Graeciae regionibus commentarii

Marca tip. en port. y en verso de 3G¬4Sign.: *¡8, 2*¬1, A-Z¡8, 2A¬2-3, 6-7, 2B-2Z¬8, 3A-3F¡8, 3G¡4Error de col., repite las col. 683, 68

Ausführliche Reisebeschreibung von Griechenland

Fingerprint nach dem Ex. der FB Gotha, der ULB Sachsen-Anhalt und der SUB GöttingenVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Berlin und Leipzig, bey Friedrich Wilhelm Birnstiel, privil. Buchdrucker. 1766

Pausanias, Ou Voyage Historique De La Grèce

Traduit En François, Avec des Remarques. Par M. l'Abbé Gedoyn, Chanoine de la Sainte Chapell, & Abbé de Baugenci ...Alle Bände mit Schmutztitel und Titelblatt in Rot- und SchwarzdruckAus dem Vorbesitz von Johann Jakob Bodmer gemäss handschriftlicher Liste seiner Bibliothek Ms Bodmer 38

[Descripción de Grecia. Italiano]

En portada dedicatoria: "Al Sermo. Sig. il S. Donno Alfonso d'Este Duca di Ferrara, &c."Sign.: [ ]², a-c, A-Z, Aa-Zz, Aaa-Nnn, Ooo²Apostillas marxinaisIniciais gravadasPortada xilográfica arquitectónic