Numerical investigation of the three-dimensional velocity fields induced by wave-structure interaction

Submerged shore-parallel breakwaters for coastal defence are a good compromise between the need to mitigate the effects of waves on the coast and the ambition to ensure the preservation of the landscape and water quality. In this work we simulate, in a fully three-dimensional form, the hydrodynamic effects induced by submerged breakwaters on incident wave trains with different wave height. The proposed three-dimensional non-hydrostatic finite-volume model is based on an integral form of the Navier-Stokes equations in σ-coordinates and is able to simulate the shocks in the numerical solution related to the wave breaking. The obtained numerical results show that the hydrodynamic phenomena produced by wave-structure interaction have features of three-dimensionality (undertow), that are locally important, and emphasize the need to use a non-hydrostatic fully-three-dimensional approach

Nonlinear waves and nearshore currents over variable bathymetry in curve-shaped coastal areas

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A novel combination of triple metachronous malignancies of the kidney, oropharynx and prostate. A case report

Synchronous or metachronous malignancies are a rare event, with an incidence rate that increases with age. The present study reports the case of a 70-year-old Caucasian male who was referred to the outpatient office of the Urology Unit, Sapienza University of Rome (Latina, Italy) due to lower urinary tract symptoms. An abdominal ultrasound investigation was performed that demonstrated the presence of a right renal mass. The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy, which resulted in the definitive diagnosis of clear cell type renal cell carcinoma. The patient was eventually diagnosed with triple primary metachronous cancer consisting of renal clear cell carcinoma, prostate adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (palatine tonsil). To the best of our knowledge, this combination of primary neoplasms has not previously been documented

A Three-Dimensional Numerical Study of Wave Induced Currents in the Cetraro Harbour Coastal Area (Italy)

In this paper we propose a three-dimensional numerical study of the coastal currents produced by the wave motion in the area opposite the Cetraro harbour (Italy), during the most significant wave event for the coastal sediment transport. The aim of the present study is the characterization of the current patterns responsible for the siltation that affects the harbour entrance area and the assessment of a project solution designed to limit this phenomenon. The numerical simulations are carried out by a three-dimensional non-hydrostatic model that is based on the Navier–Stokes equations expressed in integral and contravariant form on a time-dependent curvilinear coordinate system, in which the vertical coordinate moves in order to follow the free surface variations. The numerical simulations are carried out in two different geometric configurations: a present configuration, that reproduces the geometry of the coastal defence structures currently present in the harbour area and a project configuration, which reproduces the presence of a breakwater designed to modify the coastal currents in the area opposite the harbour entrance

Quality of Life in Neurogenic Bladder Patients and Improvement after Botulinum Toxin Injection

Various neurogenic conditions may determine an altered function of the bladder and urethral sphincters leading to urinary symptoms. Among these symptoms, loss of urine is considered the most bothersome, and recent literature has proposed that urinary incontinence and poor quality of life should be considered as associated conditions. Urinary incontinence is responsible for reducing the enjoyment of life, including loss of self-confidence and limitation of social activity; it is also associated with anxiety, depression, and deterioration in sexual life, and reduced physical activity. Conservative treatments represent a first-line therapeutic approach to neurogenic urinary disorders, followed by oral medications. However, these treatments often do not provide complete recovery from symptoms, especially from urinary incontinence. Onabotulimun toxin A has proven to be safe and effective for treating neurogenic urinary incontinence and its use is associated with a strong improvement of patients’ quality of life. Furthermore, this treatment lowers the risk of severe complications to the upper urinary tract, reducing the need for hospitalization. Quality of life improvement as well as clinical efficacy must be considered targets of the therapy, and the use of onabotulimun toxin A for treating neurogenic urinary incontinence reaches both these goals