Thermodynamics and classification of cosmological models in the Horava-Lifshitz theory of gravity

We study thermodynamics of cosmological models in the Horava-Lifshitz theory of gravity, and systematically investigate the evolution of the universe filled with a perfect fluid that has the equation of state $p=w\rho$, where $p$ and $\rho$ denote, respectively, the pressure and energy density of the fluid, and $w$ is an arbitrary real constant. Depending on specific values of the free parameters involved in the models, we classify all of them into various cases. In each case the main properties of the evolution are studied in detail, including the periods of deceleration and/or acceleration, and the existence of big bang, big crunch, and big rip singularities. We pay particular attention on models that may give rise to a bouncing universe.Comment: revtex4, 21 figures. New references added & some changes made in Introduction. Version to appear in JCA

Deep Models, Ontologies And Legal Knowledge Based Systems

In this paper we explore the trend towards the production of "ontologies" as part of the development of knowledge based systems, both in general AI and in the legal domain in particular. We discuss four examples of this kind of work in the legal domain and identify areas on which future work might be directed. Introduction Since their introduction, knowledge based and expert systems have attracted a mixed reaction, mingling excitement at their potential with dissatisfaction with their various limitations. This has been true both in general AI, and in the legal field. Much work has therefore concentrated on understanding the limitations, and developing methods for building the systems which can mitigate the limitations. The overall trend has been away from seeing the process as one of encoding heuristics derived from an expert, towards modelling the domain on which the expertise operates. Further it has become recognised that modelling requires as a precondition that the domain be con..