Mitochondrial DNA diversity and population structure of humpback whales from their wintering areas in the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans (Wintering Regions A,B, C and X). Scientific Committee document SC/56/SH3, International Whaling Commission, July 2004, Sorrento, Italy

Humpback whales in the Southern Hemisphere are separated by the International Whaling Commission (IWC) into seven wintering Regions (A-G) based on tropical distribution. To better evaluate the significance of these stock subdivisions, an analysis of mtDNA was conducted for the eastern and western South Atlantic (Regions A and B), the southwestern Indian Ocean (Region C) and the northern Indian Ocean (Region X). A total of 1,416 individual whales representing eleven sampling sites within the four wintering Regions were sequenced for a portion of the mtDNA control region. A hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) using FST and FST supported the division of wintering Regions based on IWC designated boundaries of A, B, C, and X. Pairwise comparisons further confirmed the A, B and C divisions, although varying degrees of heterogeneity (particularly molecular distances) were detected for proposed sub-divisions within Regions B and C. Overall, this large-scale mtDNA analysis for humpback whales in the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans supports wintering Region designations by the IWC. However, additional analyses and consideration of biological parameters such as gene flow are needed so that ‘within-region’ genetic analyses can help evaluate population structure and recovery in a management context

ION-INDUCED K-SHELL IONIZATION IN ELEMENTS 19≤Z≤39

The relative transition probabilities of characteristic Kβ and Kα X-rays produced by ion-beam bombardment were measured systematically in thin targets for elements 19≤Z≤39. Results for proton and alpha particle induced Kβ / Kα; emission rate rations compare favourably with photon-induced data, while the deuteron-induced results deviate in certain Z regions. In the case of nitrogen-ion impact on Ti and V, the Kα and Kβ lines were found to be shifted approximately 45 eV and 90 eV, respectively, relative to the proton-induced spectra. Hartree-Fock calculations show that the observed shifts result from multivacancy production with two or more additional L-shell vacancies, while double K-shell ionization is totally ruled out

Radiative lifetimes of some quartet levels in P III

Using beam energies of 0.40, 0.75 and 1.00 MeV and the beam-foil technique, we observed the phosphorus spectrum between 200.0 and 500.0 nm. We measured the lifetimes of the 5s4P3 2, 4d4P5 2, 3 2, 4d4D7 2, 5 2, 4p4Sso13 2 and 4p4P5 2, 3 2 levels in P III. Specific attention was paid to the problem of cascade correction by applying the arbitrarily normalized decay curve (ANDC) technique. The first three levels were used as cascading levels to produce lifetimes for the 4p4Sso13 2 (τ = 2.57 ns), 4p4P5 2 (τ = 2.74 ns) and 4p4P3 2 (τ = 2.71 ns) levels. © 1989.Articl

Beam-foil mean lifetimes in Kr III obtained from arbitrarily normalized decay curve (ANDC) analyses

Detailed measurements on the 5p5P level in Kr III are reported. The most prominent cascades that repopulate the 4s24p (4S0) 5p5P level are explicitly included in the analysis through the application of the arbitrarily normalized decay curve (ANDC) method. The results are compared with theoretical calculations and also measurements performed by other workers. © 1984.Articl