Magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and ESR in Tb3Ga5O12

We report on the measurement of the magnetic susceptibility and of ESR transitions in the garnet substance Tb3Ga5O12 (TGG). The results are compared with a calculation in the framework of crystal field theory for the orthorhombic surroundings of the six inequivalent Tb ions of TGG. We also present a calculation of the magnetization for the three main crystal directions

Oxygen-ordering phenomena in YBa₂Cu₃O₆₊_x studied by Monte Carlo simulation:PHASE-DIAGRAM, STRUCTURE FACTOR AND OXYGEN EQUILIBRIUM PRESSURE

The oxygen order in $YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x}$ has been investigated by Monte Carlo simulation with the two-dimensional anisotropic next-nearest-neighbor lattice gas model, the ASYNNNI model. For a specific set of interaction parameters we have calculated the structural phase diagram, the chemical potential, and the structure factor as a function of temperature and wave vector for x=0.4. The phase diagram has been determined from an investigation of the order parameters and their fluctuations as well as by the use of an improved version of the Ferrenberg-Swendsen method. The calculated phase diagram and the widths of the structure factors are in excellent agreement with measured neutron-diffraction data. We suggest that the observation of an orthorhombic distortion, simultaneously with only short-range oxygen order at T=25°C, is due to the freezing-in of an ortho-II domain state with a preferred oxygen chain direction and accordingly only two types of domains. Using thermodynamic relations the chemical potential has been related to the measured oxygen-gas pressure, and it is discussed why only qualitative agreement with experimental data is established