Volume Stabilization and the Origin of the Inflaton Shift Symmetry in String Theory

The main problem of inflation in string theory is finding the models with a flat potential, consistent with stabilization of the volume of the compactified space. This can be achieved in the theories where the potential has (an approximate) shift symmetry in the inflaton direction. We will identify a class of models where the shift symmetry uniquely follows from the underlying mathematical structure of the theory. It is related to the symmetry properties of the corresponding coset space and the period matrix of special geometry, which shows how the gauge coupling depends on the volume and the position of the branes. In particular, for type IIB string theory on K3xT^2/Z with D3 or D7 moduli belonging to vector multiplets, the shift symmetry is a part of SO(2,2+n) symmetry of the coset space [SU(1,1)/ U(1)]x[SO(2,2+n)/(SO(2)x SO(2+n)]. The absence of a prepotential, specific for the stringy version of supergravity, plays a prominent role in this construction, which may provide a viable mechanism for the accelerated expansion and inflation in the early universe.Comment: 12 page

MAGIC observations of Mkn 421 in 2008, and related optical/X-ray/TeV MWL study

The HBL-type blazar Markarian 421 is one of the brightest TeV gamma-ray sources of the Northern sky. From December 2007 until June 2008 it was intensively observed in the VHE (E>100 GeV) band by the MAGIC gamma-ray telescope. The source showed intense and prolonged activity during the whole period. In some nights the integral flux rose up to 3.6 Crab units (E>200 GeV). Intra-night rapid flux variations were observed. We compared the optical (KVA) and X-ray (RXTE-ASM, Swift-XRT) data with the MAGIC VHE data, investigating the correlations between different energy bands.Comment: 4 pages,4figures, Contribution to the 31st ICRC, Lodz, Poland, July 200

Avalanche-Induced Current Enhancement in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes

Semiconducting carbon nanotubes under high electric field stress (~10 V/um) display a striking, exponential current increase due to avalanche generation of free electrons and holes. Unlike in other materials, the avalanche process in such 1D quantum wires involves access to the third sub-band, is insensitive to temperature, but strongly dependent on diameter ~exp(-1/d^2). Comparison with a theoretical model yields a novel approach to obtain the inelastic optical phonon emission length, L_OP,ems ~ 15d nm. The combined results underscore the importance of multi-band transport in 1D molecular wires

Collapsing lattice animals and lattice trees in two dimensions

We present high statistics simulations of weighted lattice bond animals and lattice trees on the square lattice, with fugacities for each non-bonded contact and for each bond between two neighbouring monomers. The simulations are performed using a newly developed sequential sampling method with resampling, very similar to the pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM) used for linear chain polymers. We determine with high precision the line of second order transitions from an extended to a collapsed phase in the resulting 2-dimensional phase diagram. This line includes critical bond percolation as a multicritical point, and we verify that this point divides the line into two different universality classes. One of them corresponds to the collapse driven by contacts and includes the collapse of (weakly embeddable) trees, but the other is {\it not yet} bond driven and does not contain the Derrida-Herrmann model as special point. Instead it ends at a multicritical point $P^*$ where a transition line between two collapsed phases (one bond-driven and the other contact-driven) sparks off. The Derrida-Herrmann model is representative for the bond driven collapse, which then forms the fourth universality class on the transition line (collapsing trees, critical percolation, intermediate regime, and Derrida-Herrmann). We obtain very precise estimates for all critical exponents for collapsing trees. It is already harder to estimate the critical exponents for the intermediate regime. Finally, it is very difficult to obtain with our method good estimates of the critical parameters of the Derrida-Herrmann universality class. As regards the bond-driven to contact-driven transition in the collapsed phase, we have some evidence for its existence and rough location, but no precise estimates of critical exponents.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figures, 1 tabl

Rational Approximate Symmetries of KdV Equation

We construct one-parameter deformation of the Dorfman Hamiltonian operator for the Riemann hierarchy using the quasi-Miura transformation from topological field theory. In this way, one can get the approximately rational symmetries of KdV equation and then investigate its bi-Hamiltonian structure.Comment: 14 pages, no figure

Structure optimization in an off-lattice protein model

We study an off-lattice protein toy model with two species of monomers interacting through modified Lennard-Jones interactions. Low energy configurations are optimized using the pruned-enriched-Rosenbluth method (PERM), hitherto employed to native state searches only for off lattice models. For 2 dimensions we found states with lower energy than previously proposed putative ground states, for all chain lengths $\ge 13$. This indicates that PERM has the potential to produce native states also for more realistic protein models. For $d=3$, where no published ground states exist, we present some putative lowest energy states for future comparison with other methods.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Reversible Embedding to Covers Full of Boundaries

In reversible data embedding, to avoid overflow and underflow problem, before data embedding, boundary pixels are recorded as side information, which may be losslessly compressed. The existing algorithms often assume that a natural image has little boundary pixels so that the size of side information is small. Accordingly, a relatively high pure payload could be achieved. However, there actually may exist a lot of boundary pixels in a natural image, implying that, the size of side information could be very large. Therefore, when to directly use the existing algorithms, the pure embedding capacity may be not sufficient. In order to address this problem, in this paper, we present a new and efficient framework to reversible data embedding in images that have lots of boundary pixels. The core idea is to losslessly preprocess boundary pixels so that it can significantly reduce the side information. Experimental results have shown the superiority and applicability of our work

Average-Case Optimal Approximate Circular String Matching

Approximate string matching is the problem of finding all factors of a text t of length n that are at a distance at most k from a pattern x of length m. Approximate circular string matching is the problem of finding all factors of t that are at a distance at most k from x or from any of its rotations. In this article, we present a new algorithm for approximate circular string matching under the edit distance model with optimal average-case search time O(n(k + log m)/m). Optimal average-case search time can also be achieved by the algorithms for multiple approximate string matching (Fredriksson and Navarro, 2004) using x and its rotations as the set of multiple patterns. Here we reduce the preprocessing time and space requirements compared to that approach

Sharp signature of DDW quantum critical point in the Hall coefficient of the cuprates

We study the behavior of the Hall coefficient, $R_H$, in a system exhibiting $d_{{x^2}-{y^2}}$ density-wave (DDW) order in a regime in which the carrier concentration, $x$, is tuned to approach a quantum critical point at which the order is destroyed. At the mean-field level, we find that $n_{\rm Hall}=1/R_H$ evinces a sharp signature of the transition. There is a kink in $n_{\rm Hall}$ at the critical value of the carrier concentration, $x_c$; as the critical point is approached from the ordered side, the slope of $n_{\rm Hall}$ diverges. Hall transport experiments in the cuprates, at high magnetic fields sufficient to destroy superconductivity, should reveal this effect.Comment: 5 pages, 2 eps figure

The Gould-Hopper Polynomials in the Novikov-Veselov equation

We use the Gould-Hopper (GH) polynomials to investigate the Novikov-Veselov (NV) equation. The root dynamics of the $\sigma$-flow in the NV equation is studied using the GH polynomials and then the Lax pair is found. In particulr, when $N=3,4,5$, one can get the Gold-fish model. The smooth rational solutions of the NV equation are also constructed via the extended Moutard transformation and the GH polynomials. The asymptotic behavior is discussed and then the smooth rational solution of the Liouville equation is obtained.Comment: 22 pages, no figur