Thin layer chromatographic separation of lipids in ovary, testis and gut of the sea urchin Salmacis virgulata

Sea urchins accumulate large amounts of lipid in ovary during its reproductive cycle (Giese, 1966 ; Vivek Raja, 1980); Lipids deposited in the developing gonads may be synthesized within the oocytes or transported from the gut. A variety of lipid classes are also found to occur in the ovary, testis, gut, body wall and coelomocytes of the sea urchins (Allen, 1974; Vivek Raja, 1980). The present experiment is designed to separate and identify the different lipid classes present in gut, testis and ovary of the sea urchin Salmacis virgulata employing thin layer chromatographic metho

Determination of reproductive activity in sea urchins

The most widely used quantitative method for assessing the reproductive activity is the gonad index (Giese and Pearse, 1974). But, in species such as sea urchins possessing considerable quantities of nutritive tissues in the gonad, both an increase and a decrease in gonad index may be a consequence of changes. in the number of nutritive cells without a corresponding change in gametogenic cell

Induced spawning in sea urchins

The gonad wall of the sea urchin consists of an outer epithelium, the outer surface of which is bathed in the perivisceral fluid, a middle layer of conspicuous bands of smooth muscles and connective tissue and an inner layer of developing gametes with nutritive cells (Vivek Raja, 1980). The release of gametes, in nature is effected by the contraction of the muscular bands which is directly under the stimulatory effect of the radial nerve hormone (Cochran and Engelmann, 1972). The gamete discharge may be induced by acetylcholine, potassium chloride or by electrical stimulation

QRM CONSIDERATIONS FOR MEDICINES REGULATORY AUTHORITIES

Risk management principles are effectively utilized in many areas of business and government including finance, insurance, occupational safety, public health, pharmacovigilance, and by agencies regulating these industries. In regulatory perspective it is used to assist with resource allocation including, for example, inspection planning and frequency, and inspection and assessment intensity. It is also helps evaluate the significance of products; like quality defects, potential recalls and inspectional findings. It is also find its potential; appropriateness and type of postinspection regulatory follow-up To identify risks that should be communicated between inspectors and assessors to facilitate better understanding of how risks can be or are controlled (e.g., parametric release, Process Analytical Technology (PAT)). In short QRM has become a mandatory regulatory requirement towards healthcare organizations

Sex-Selective Abortions: The Prevalence in India and its Ramifications on Sex Trafficking

Sex-selective abortion is a practice involving the prenatal preference of males over females. Prior to the availability of ultrasound technology, this preference led to the abandonment or murder of female infants. However, with the increase in availability of ultrasound technology and the corresponding advance knowledge of the fetus’ sex, the ability to perform selective abortions was introduced. The concept of sex-selective abortion can be viewed through the lens of sex ratio at birth. The natural sex ratio is about 102-106 males to 100 females.1 However, the Indian cultural preference for males over females translates into a disproportionate sex ratio, in favor of males. This paper will examine the scale to which sex-selective abortions occur in India, the Indian government’s attempts to stop the practice, and its relationship to sex trafficking within the country