Ранние изменения слюнных желез при стрессе

Night lighting and microwave exposure have been influence on structures of stress realization. The endocrine, fotoperiodical and adaptive functions of rodent submandibular salivary glands belonging to hormone produced duct cells. To evaluate their morphofunctional state at guinea-pigs and rats using the methods of light and electron microscopy there have been analyzed striated and granular ducts. It has been revealed that instant and twenty-four-hour strengthening of duct cell stress induced secretory activity was similar. It is concluded that salivary glands take part in circadian expectations to stress.Ночное освещение и микроволновое излучение оказывают влияние на структуры, ответственные за реализацию стресса. У грызунов эндокринные, фотопериодические и приспособительные функции поднижнечелюстных слюнных желез связаны с гормонпродуцирующими клетками выводных протоков. Для оценки их морфофункционального состояния у морских свинок и крыс с помощью методов световой и электронной микроскопии проанализированы исчерченные и гранулярные отделы. Установлено, что в первые минуты и через 24 ч после воздействия стрессоров усиление секреторной активности эпителиоцитов выводных протоков имеет сходство. Сделан вывод о суточной готовности слюнных желез к стрессу

Анализ связи нарушений гемостаза со степенью выраженности дыхательной недостаточности у пациентов с COVID-19: проспективное наблюдательное исследование

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Несмотря на прогресс в понимании патофизиологии коагулопатии при COVID-19, сведений о связи и об этапности патологических сдвигов в различных звеньях системы гемостаза при развитии острого респираторного дистресс-синдрома (ОРДС) недостаточно. ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Определить взаимосвязь тяжести дыхательной недостаточности с патологическими сдвигами в системе гемостаза у больных COVID-19. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: В проспективное наблюдательное исследование включено 204 больных с верифицированным диагнозом COVID-19 тяжелого и крайне тяжелого течения заболевания. В зависимости от исхода заболевания выделено две группы: группа с летальным исходом (n = 106) и группа выживших больных (n = 98). Для динамической оценки клинической картины заболевания и исследования показателей системы гемостаза определены временные точки: точка I — 1-е сутки, поступление в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ); точка II — 3–5-е сутки; точка III — 7–10-е сутки с момента поступления в ОРИТ. Для оценки тяжести респираторного дистресс-синдрома рассчитывался респираторный индекс. Статистическую обработку данных проводили с использованием пакета статистического программного обеспечения MedCalc Version 20.110 (MedCalc Software Ltd, Бельгия). РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: При летальном исходе заболевания COVID-19 тяжелого и крайне тяжелого течения у пациентов определено снижение показателя респираторного индекса в 2,15 раза. Наиболее важные параметры системы гемостаза, влияющие на степень тяжести дыхательной недостаточности: рост концентрации фактора Виллебранда (WF) на точке I исследования (21 % вклада и обратная корреляция), увеличение уровня ингибитора активатора плазминогена 1-го типа (PAI-1) на 3–5-е сутки (35 % вклада и прямая корреляция) и активация коагуляционного звена гемостаза на 7–10-е сутки (78 % вклада и прямая корреляция). ВЫВОДЫ: Степень тяжести дыхательной недостаточности у пациентов с подтвержденным диагнозом COVID-19 тяжелого и крайне тяжелого течения поэтапно связана с эндотелиопатией (1-е сутки), угнетением пристеночного фибринолиза (3–5-е сутки) и активацией коагуляционного звена гемостаза к 7–10-м суткам пребывания в ОРИТ

Stabilization of acromioclavicular joint using DogBone dynamic system (Arthrex): a literature review and long-term follow-up

Objectives The purpose of the study was to evaluate long-term follow-ups of stabilized acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocations using button dynamic system applied via arthroscopic technique or mini-open. Material and methods The review included follow-ups of 40 patients (39 males, 1 female) who underwent 40 ACJ stabilization procedures with Arthrex DogBone button between 2014 and 2017 using arthroscopy (n = 28) or mini-open technique (n = 12). The mean age of the patients was 34 years (range, 15 to 59 years). Patient reported outcomes were evaluated with UCLA shoulder rating scale, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) shoulder score and the Constant Shoulder Score (CSS). Coraco-Clavicular Distance (ССD) was measured on preand postoperative anteroposterior views. Postoperative AP view was used to measure Clavicular Tunnel Distance (CTD). Arthroscopy patients had available preoperative radiographs (n = 21), postoperative radiographs (n = 26) and patient reported outcomes (n = 18). Mini open group had available preoperative radiographs (n = 2), postoperative radiographs (n=8) and patient reported outcomes (n = 8). Results One hundred percent of Arthroscopy/Mini open (26/26) cases were rated as excellent and good on UCLA shoulder rating scale at a long-term follow-up. One hundred percent of Arthroscopy patients (18/18) were rated as excellent and good; 75 % (6/8) of Mini-open cases evaluated as excellent and 25 % (2/8) as good on ASES shoulder score. Sixty seven percent of Arthroscopy (12/18) patients were rated as excellent and 33 % (6/18) as good; 62 % (5/8) of Mini open cases evaluated as excellent and 38 % (3/8) as good. Neither fair nor poor results were observed in both groups. No statistically significant differences were detected in median scores between Arthroscopy and Miniopen groups (p > 0.05). Preoperative radiographs showed Tossy grade IV dislocation (n = 3) and Tossy grade III (n = 20). Distal clavicle fracture was diagnosed in 2 cases. Median preoperative CCD radiologically measured 15.5 mm in both groups (n = 23). Median postoperative CCD and CTD radiologically measured 6.12 mm and 28.9 mm in both groups (n = 35), correspondingly. Decrease in postoperative CCD was significantly different (p = 0.0003). No statistically significant differences in postoperative CCD were detected between Arthroscopy and Miniopen groups (p > 0.05). Statistically significant differences in preoperative CCD were observed in both groups (n = 15) using weight-bearing/no weight-bearing AP views (P = 0.0009). Conclusion Stabilization of dislocated ACJ with dynamic systems is the method of choice providing excellent and good outcomes rated by UCLA rating scale, ASES shoulder score and CSS at long-term follow-up. One-stage surgical treatment is an advantage of dynamic systems with no need of construct removal. Standard and weighted stress radiographs of the involved side indicate to ACJ injury in comparison with contralateral side. Further research is needed for a longer term follow-up with the bone reduction maintained with dynamic system

Influence of Posterior Tibial Slope on the Risk of Recurrence After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft rupture has multifactorial causes, with traumatic factors being the most prevalent. Modern literature presents conflicting data regarding the influence of the posterior tibial slope on the risk of traumatic ACL graft rupture. Aim of the study to determine if there is a correlation between the posterior tibial slope and ACL graft injury in patients who have previously undergone ACL reconstruction. Methods. This was a single-center cohort retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with a complete ACL rupture and who had undergone ACL reconstruction using standard techniques without graft rupture at the last follow-up. Inclusion criteria for the first group included a diagnosis of traumatic ACL rupture followed by reconstruction, a graft composed of semitendinosus and gracilis tendons (St+Gr), femoral fixation with a cortical button, tibial fixation with a sleeve and screw, and the absence of graft rupture at the time of the study. This group included 30 consecutive patients (15 males and 15 females) with a mean age of 36.3 years (min 17, max 59). Inclusion criteria for the second group included an indirect traumatic mechanism of ACL graft rupture and subsequent revision ACL reconstruction. This group consisted of 33 patients (23 males and 10 females) with a mean age of 33.0 years (min 19, max 60). The lateral (LPTS) and medial (MPTS) posterior tibial slopes were measured on lateral knee radiographs. Results. The median time from surgery to the last follow-up in the first group was 65 months (IQR 60; 66), while in the second group, it was 48 months (IQR 9; 84). The median MPTS in the first group was 7.8 (IQR 5.3; 9.4), while in the second group, it was 8.5 (IQR 7.5; 11). The median LPTS in the first group was 9.9 (IQR 8.4; 12.1), whereas in the second group, it was 12.0 (IQR 9; 15.4). There was no statistically significant difference in MPTS and LPTS based on gender in both groups and the entire sample (p0.05). When comparing LPTS values between both groups, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.04) was found, with higher LPTS values in patients in the second group (with ACL graft injury). Conclusion. Increased posterior tibial slope, particularly LPTS, is identified as a potential predictor of ACL graft rupture. The study demonstrates the impact of LPTS on the risk of ACL graft rupture (p0.05) in cases of indirect traumatic injury

Экспрессия рецепторов стероидных гормонов и морфофункциональное состояние эндометрия у больных с аномальными маточными кровотечениями

The research of the influence of drug containing Indole-3-carbinol in combination with Kipferon on morphofunctional condition of endometrium with anomalous uterine bleedings is carried out. Ineffectiveness of hormonotherapy at pathological conditions of endometrium is specified by reduction of expression of estrogens and progesterone receptors. Suggested method is effective due to anti-inflammatory and receptocorrecting effect, and probably, is recommended in the case of simple hyperplasia in combination with chronic endometrium in the stage of preparing endometrium for hormonal therapy.Проведено исследование влияния препарата, содержащего индол-3-карбинол, в сочетании с кипфероном на морфофункциональное состояние эндометрия при аномальных маточных кровотечениях. Неэффективность гормонотерапии при патологических состояниях эндометрия обусловлена снижением экспрессии рецепторов эстрогенов и прогестерона. Предложенный метод является эффективным за счет противовоспалительного и рецепторкорригирующего действия и может быть рекомендован при простой гиперплазии в сочетании с хроническим эндометритом на этапе подготовки эндометрия к гормональному лечению

Исследование стереоспецифичности нейропротекторного действия дипептидного миметика мозгового нейротрофического фактора ГСБ-106 на модели оксидативного стресса в культуре гиппокампальных клеток линии НТ-22

In the present work, the neuroprotective effect stereospecificity of dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the 4th loop of BDNF-GSB-106 is studied. Activity of its diastereomers GT-106DL (hexamethylenediamide bis-monosuccinyl-D-seryl-L-lysine) and GT-106LD (hexamethylenediamide bis-monosuccinyl-L-seryl-D-lysine) in hippocampal HT-22 cells under conditions of oxidative stress is for this purpose studied. Both diastereomers were inactive. Thus, the obtained data indicate dependence of effect on the configuration of amino acid residues in the structure of GSB-106.Исследована стереоспецифичность нейропротекторнного действия димерного дипептидного миметика 4-й петли BDNF -ГСБ-106. Для этого изучена активность его диастереомеров ГТ-106DL (гексаметилендиамид бис-моносукцинил-D-серил-L-лизина) и ГТ-106LD (гексаметилендиамид бисмоносукцинил-L-серил-D-лизина) на гиппокампальных клетках линии HT-22 в условиях оксидативного стресса. Оба диастереомера были не активны. Таким образом, полученные данные свидетельствуют о зависимости эффекта от конфигурации аминокислотных остатков в структуре ГСБ-106

Wastage amidst shortage: Strategies for the mitigation of standby electricity in residential sector in Nigeria

Abstract : Due to rising population and the increasing rate of urbanization, residential electricity usage accounts for a large chunk of Nigeria’s electricity consumption. However, little attention is paid to electricity conservation in the country. In response to this, several studies are been tailored to ensure a rapid reduction in energy consumption through various alternatives including energy efficient technologies given the current state of inadequate electricity supply in the country. On this note, this article discusses the significance of standby electricity in Nigeria. The electricity generation and consumption patterns were briefly discussed while the current electricity saving behaviour and practices among the urban dwellers were detailed with a case study analysed. Based on the case study, it was discovered that the mean standby load across the 30 households were estimated at 60 W ranging from 34-144 W. Also, standby consumption accounts for 13-44% of the annual electricity consumption across the households. Finally, the strategies for electricity saving and sustainable consumption, most especially the mitigation of standby electricity were highlighted