Effect of Potent Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Stereospermum suaveolens Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

To evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of ethanol extract of Stereospermum suaveolens in streptozotocin-(STZ-) induced diabetic rats by acute and subacute models. In this paper, various fractions of ethanol extract of Stereospermum suaveolens were prepared and their effects on blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats were studied after a single oral administration (200 mg/kg). Administration of the ethyl acetate fraction at 200 mg/kg once daily for 14 days to STZ-induced diabetic rats was also carried out. The parameters such as the fasting blood glucose, hepatic glycogen content, and pancreatic antioxidant levels were monitored. In the acute study, the ethyl acetate fraction is the most potent in reducing the fasting serum glucose levels of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. The 14-day repeated oral administration of the ethyl acetate fraction significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose and pancreatic TBARS level and significantly increased the liver glycogen, pancreatic superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities as well as reduced glutathione levels. The histopathological studies during the subacute treatment have been shown to ameliorate the STZ-induced histological damage of pancreas. This paper concludes that the ethyl acetate fraction from ethanol extract of Stereospermum suaveolens possesses potent antihyperglycemic and antioxidant properties, thereby substantiating the use of plant in the indigenous system of medicine

On the genus of nil-graph of ideals of commutative rings

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and let Nil(R) be the ideal of all nilpotent elements of R. Let I(R)={I:I is a non-trivial ideal of R and there exists a non-trivial ideal J such that IJ⊆Nil(R)}. The nil-graph of ideals of R is defined as the simple undirected graph AGN(R) whose vertex set is I(R) and two distinct vertices I and J are adjacent if and only if IJ⊆ Nil(R). In this paper, we study the planarity and genus of AGN(R). In particular, we have characterized all commutative Artin rings R for which the genus of AGN(R) is either zero or one

Determinants of acute lower respiratory tract infection in children aged 2 months to 5 years

Background: In India, acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) is one of the major causes of death. During the year 2013, about31.7 million cases of ALRI were reported. Methodology: It is a prospective study in children aged from 2 months to 5 years whowere admitted to the hospital with clinical diagnosis of ALRI. A total of 100 children were included in the study. Results: About54% were incompletely immunized for age. 52% belonged to families falling under low socioeconomic status (SES). Leukocytosisis 41% and only 18% positive blood culture. There is significant association seen. Conclusion: The present study demonstratedthat there is significant association between the status of the immunization and SES with severity if pneumonia