Health effects of beer from the angle of free radicals and antioxidants.

Alcohol and mixture of antioxidants belong among the main biologically effective components in beer. The article indicates in a well-arranged from the efficiency of alcohol on organism; the ratio of the favourable and unfavourable effects depends on the amount of its daily consumption. The favourable effect of alcohol consists mainly in the increase of concentration of antiatherogenic high density lipoproteins (HDL), in inhibition of lipoperoxidation and in the antiaggregational incidence on blood platelets. In beer the antioxidants come from malt, less specifically from hops; this is mostly the question of polyphenols. The survey sums up the main physiological effects of these antioxidants; the inhibition of oxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL), vasodilatation and the antioxidant incidence. As chelators of metals, they hedge the rice of hydroxyle radical by the Fentor reaction. The authors end by summarizing results of their own antioxidant capacity measurement of some sorts of beer.(In Czech, English summary only

The importance of didactic toys in kindergarten educational process

The aim of this study is to identify preschool children’s strategies in choice and play with didactic toys. The research was based on participatory observation of children with the set of original didactic toys. In total, 77 children aged 2 to 6 years from four different kindergartens were observed, with children always in small groups. The data obtained in the form of video recordings and field notes was then transcribed and analyzed using qualitative methods. The results point out the teacher’s influence, usually determined what the toy serves or what task have to accomplished. We also point out the possible conditionality of the child’s interest in the toy. Findings highlights the child’s strategy in the play, especially the modification of the toy that arises just when the child has the opportunity to independently explore the toys. The importance is to support the didactic thinking of kindergarten’s teachers including pre-service teachers. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG