The North Sea Benthos Project: planning, management and objectives

The ICES Benthos Ecology Working Group is integrating recent macrobenthic infaunal data (1999-2001) available from various sources, including national monitoring surveys, in North Sea soft bottom sediments. lt is expected to cover most of the North Sea. The main goal is an overall comparison with the North Sea Benthos Survey data of 1986, in order to determine whether there have been any significant changes and, if so, what may be the causal influences (e.g., climate change, fishing impacts). The work will contribute valuable information on several other topics such as habitat classification and the distribution of endangered species. Therefore, in addition to physico-chemical measurements of sediments samples alongside the benthic fauna, information on water depths, temperature, water quality and salinity will be incorporated in the analysis of species and community distributions. Also, we will use existing ecological and hydrographical models for currents, bottom shear stress and carbon input, along with information on the distribution of habitat types, to explain the observed distribution patterns. At the ASC, an overview of the data available will be presented as well as the anticipated outcomes, and the first steps taken to deal with taxonomic differences and other issues affecting the capability to integrate submitted information

S.: Customization of system software for large-scale embedded applications

Operating systems are one of the most frequently reused software components: almost every application is sitting on top of an OS which establishes the required runtime platform. It is claimed that bridging the gap between a high level application design and the OS is a costly process, especially in distributed systems. A conceptual framework is presented which aims at supporting the automatic generation of distributed runtime platforms from high-level application designs. It is based on the generic layout of operating system services, their extended description including nonfunctional properties, as well as analysis and development tools which filter out OS requirements from the applicatio

Goal-Oriented Access Control Model for Ambient Assisted Living

International audienceAmbient assisted living is a new interdisciplinary field aiming at supporting senior citizens in their home by means of embedded technologies. This domain offer an interesting challenge for providing dependability and security in a privacy-respecting way: in order to provide services in an emergency we cannot monitor on a second-by-second base a senior citizen. Beside being immoral, it would be illegal (at least in Europe). At the same time if we do not get notified of an emergency, the entire system would be useless. In this paper we present an access control model for this domain that extends RBAC with the notion of organizational model, goals and dependencies. In this model we can associate permission to the objectives that have been assigned to the users of the system and solve the trade-off between security and dependability

A Comprehensive Study of Particle Size Distributions with the Use of PostInjection Strategies in DI Diesel Engines

[EN] Control strategies such as variations in injection pressure and timing have been used by researchers to reduce in-cylinder exhaust emissions and meet legislation standards. Postinjection has been studied for several years and is now well known as an efficient strategy for reducing soot emission. Diesel gaseous and particle mass emissions have been progressively reduced over the last twenty years as a consequence of increasingly restrictive emission legislation and the application of aftertreatment devices. The main objective of this work is to better understand the effect of postinjection on particle size distribution in diesel exhaust. The approach uses a modern, well-instrumented research engine test cell equipped with a flexible high pressure fuel injection system. The results of this work provide guidelines for developing strategies to reduce particle size distribution in diesel engines. A major improvement in particle size distribution was found in the accumulation mode by using a close postinjection of a small quantity of fuel. For reduction in nucleation mode, a relationship was found with close postinjections of large quantities of fuel. Copyright © American Association for Aerosol Research.We would like to thank the R&D&D&I Linguistic Assistance Office, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Spain, for granting financial support for the linguistic revision of this paper.Desantes, J.; Bermúdez, V.; García Martínez, A.; Linares Rodríguez, WG. (2011). A Comprehensive Study of Particle Size Distributions with the Use of PostInjection Strategies in DI Diesel Engines. Aerosol Science and Technology. 45(10):1161-1175. doi:10.1080/02786826.2011.582898S11611175451