8 research outputs found
Erythromycin Series. X. Inhibitory Activity of Several New Erythromycin Derivatives in Cell-Free Amino Acid Polymerization Systems
Erythromycin A (I), erythromycin A 9-oxime (11), 9(S)-erythromycylamine
(V), and several new derivatives of these compounds,
were assayed for their ability to inhibit the poly(A)-directed synthesis
of polylysine and the poly(C)-directed synthesis of polyproline
in cell-free systems from Escherichia coli. The rate of polypeptide
synthesis was inhibited 500/o by concentrations between
0.5 and 1.5 ~tmol Ā· dm-3 of the eight examined compounds, in the
following decreasing order of activity: methylsuccinate of V (VI),
I, V, II, methylsuccinate of II (111), p-toluenesulfonyl-V (VII), p-
acetylamino-benzenesulfonyl-V (VIII), and ethylsuccinate of I
(IV). The derivative of VII lacking cladinose (IX) showed lower
but still significant activity. Hence, none of the substitutions in
the position 9 of the macrolide ring, present in these compounds,
impairs the ability of I to bind the prokaryotic ribosome and inhibit
its function, which is the basis for antibacterial activity of erythromycines
Antibacterial potential of electrochemically exfoliated graphene sheets
Electrochemically exfoliated graphene is functionalized graphene with potential application in biomedicine. Two most relevant biological features of this material are its electrical conductivity and excellent water dispersibility. In this study we have tried to establish the correlation between graphene structure and its antibacterial properties. The exfoliation process was performed in a two electrode-highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrochemical cell. Solution of ammonium persulfate was used as an electrolyte. Exfoliated graphene sheets were dispersed in aqueous media and characterized by atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance, zeta potential, contact angle measurements and surface energy. Antibacterial assays have shown lack of the significant antibacterial activity. Major effect on bacteria was slight change of bacteria morphology. Membrane remained intact despite significant change of chemical content of membrane components.This is the peer reviewed version of the paper: MarkoviÄ, Z. M., MatijaÅ”eviÄ, D. M., PavloviÄ, V. B., JovanoviÄ, S. P., Holclajtner-AntunoviÄ, I. D., Å pitalskĆ½, Z., MiÄuÅ”ik, M., DramiÄanin, M. D., MilivojeviÄ, D. D., NikÅ”iÄ, M. P., & TodoroviÄ MarkoviÄ, B. M. (2017). Antibacterial potential of electrochemically exfoliated graphene sheets. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 500, 30ā43. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.03.110][https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0021979717303776?via%3Dihub
School Choice and Vocational Guidance for Schoolchildren with Chronic Diseases and Other Health Problems
Osim praÄenja rasta, razvoja i zdravstvenog stanja uÄenika tijekom Å”kolovanja, lijeÄnik Å”kolske medicine razmiÅ”lja i o njihovu profesionalnom razvoju. Posebnu pozornost zahtijevaju uÄenici s kroniÄnim bolestima, kojih je prema istraživanjima 10 % do 15 %. Prije izbora zanimanja potrebno je upoznati roditelje i uÄenike s ograniÄenjima koja proizlaze iz prirode bolesti ili stanja. To omoguÄuje uÄenicima da razviju interes za zanimanja za koja nemaju kontraindikaciju. Sistematski pregled u osmom razredu osnovne Å”kole procjena je uÄenikovih psihofi ziÄkih sposobnosti za nastavak srednjoÅ”kolskog obrazovanja. Tijekom pregleda provodi se profesionalno informiranje za sve uÄenike. UÄenici s kroniÄnim bolestima, teÅ”koÄama u razvoju i drugim poremeÄajima zdravlja upuÄuju se na profesionalno usmjeravanje. Cilj ovog rada bio je prikaz razloga upuÄivanja na Å”kolsko i profesionalno usmjeravanje uÄenika osmih razreda, deset osnovnih Å”kola iz Varaždinske županije, u razdoblju od Å”kolske godine 1998./99. do 2007./08. Od ukupno 4939 pregledanih uÄenika, na profesionalno usmjeravanje bilo je upuÄeno njih 458 (9,3 %). NajÄeÅ”Äi razlozi upuÄivanja bili
su bolesti i stanja iz skupine duÅ”evnih poremeÄaja i poremeÄaja ponaÅ”anja, sa zastupljenoÅ”Äu od 41,3 %. Preporuke struÄnog tima za profesionalno usmjeravanje za daljnje Å”kolovanje nije slijedilo 10,5 % uÄenika. Za uÄenike s kroniÄnim bolestima i drugim poremeÄajima zdravlja bilo bi potrebno osigurati dovoljan broj upisnih mjesta u srednjim Å”kolama te kontinuirano pratiti njihov profesionalni razvoj radi intervencije u sluÄaju potrebe promjene Å”kole i uvida u ishod obrazovanja. To bi se postiglo koordiniranim radom Å”kolskih lijeÄnika, timova za profesionalno usmjeravanje, srednjih Å”kola i županijskih upravnih odjela za prosvjetu, kulturu i Å”port.By following a childās growth, development, and health, school medicine specialist can see opportunities for career choice. Special attention is needed for schoolchildren with chronic diseases and developmental difficulties, because of limited occupation choices. Studies report 10 % to 15 % prevalence of chronic diseases among schoolchildren. Parents and children should be informed about childās limitations before career choice. It would be helpful for the students to develop interests for occupations that are not contraindicated for their condition. Physical examination gives an insight into the psycho-physical abilities of an eighth-grade primary school student for further education. During examination, counselling and vocational guidance is provided for all students with chronic diseases and other health problems. All procedures are oriented to personal abilities and preferences. The aim of this study was to analyse the reasons for vocational guidance in the Varaždin County of Croatia. It included eighth-grade students from ten primary schools from 1998/99 to 2007/08. Of 4939 students, 458 (9.3 %) with chronic diseases and health difficulties were referred to vocational guidance. Of these, 41.3 % were referred due to mental and behavioural disorders. These students were assessed and received a recommendation for at least two occupations. Forty-eight students (10.5 %) did not follow the recommendation. In a coordinated effort, school physicians, vocational guidance experts, and school and local authorities should secure enrollment of students with chronic diseases and health difficulties in secondary schools and follow their development and education to provide them the best available career opportunities