ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ДВУХЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ ДЛЯ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ГЕПАТОЦЕЛЛЮЛЯРНОЙ КАРЦИНОМЫ У ПАЦИЕНТКИ С ЦИРРОЗОМ ПЕЧЕНИ: СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКИ

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hepatic tumors is a topic that constantly has been widely discussed in the medical literature. Among new methods that can help solve the diagnostic issues - dual-energy computed tomography (DECT). DECT analysis of the absorption of two x-ray spectra allows obtaining additional information about the chemical composition of tissues. Scanners with the capability DECT ensured wide use of the method. Discovery 750 HD (GE Healthcare) is newly developed scanners which have overcome the temporal and spatial data mismatch and allowed the use of the DECT method in analyzing of the contrast agent distribution, with the function of fast switching voltages between 80 and 140 KW at intervals between the radiation of 0,25 MS. Discovery 750 HD installed in Krasnoyarsk regional Oncology center since 2014. In the article we described a clinical case of HCC diagnosis in cirrhotic patient with use of DECT. Presented case shows that DECT method improved the detectability of liver lesions and reduced the time spent on differential diagnosis.Диагностика и дифференциальная диагностика новообразований печени - тема, которая постоянно широко обсуждается в медицинской литературе. Среди новых методов, который может помочь решить поставленные перед диагностикой вопросы,- двухэнергетическая компьютерная томография (ДЭКТ). При ДЭКТ анализ поглощения не одного, а двух спектров рентгеновского излучения позволяет получить дополнительную информацию о химическом составе тканей. Широкое клиническое использование метода в последние годы связано с распространением томографов с функцией двухэнергетического сканирования, которые позволили преодолеть ошибки временного и пространственного несоответствия данных. Томограф «Discovery 750 HD» фирмы GE Healthcare, с функцией быстрого переключения напряжения между 80 и 140 КВт на рентгеновской трубке с интервалом между излучениями 0,25 мс, установлен в Красноярском краевом диспансере и характеризуется высокой точностью спектральных данных. В настоящей статье мы представляем клинический случай диагностики ГЦК у пациентки с циррозом печени. Обработка результатов исследования проведена с помощью широкого набора инструментов специализированных программ рабочей станции GE. Наше наблюдение демонстрирует возможность ДЭКТ повысить выявляемость образований печени и сократить время, затрачиваемое на их дифференциальную диагностику

Organization of medical abilitation for extremely premature infants with perinatal central-nervous-system lesions

Health status of infants with extremely low and very low birth weight is a challenge for today's healthcare. Ivanovo Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood named after V.N. Gorodkov has established the system of medical care to extremely premature infants with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. Abilitation for extremely premature infants with perinatal lesions of the central nervous system should involve territorial and inter-territorial level organizations, interaction algorithms, a complex of forecasting methods, early diagnosis of health disorders, a series of initiatives for the ultimate recovery of defective functions, prevention of disability and development of new therapies, particularly, application of neuropeptide Semax in children with hypoxic-ischemic disorder

Mineral Content of Compact Bone in Rats after the Induction of Mild Hypothermia

Osteotropic macro- and microelements are important structural constituents of bone tissue and also components of macromolecules regulating bioorganic interactions. The disruption of their balance with age and under the influence of various unfavorable factors (in particular, an exposure to cold causing hypothermia) leads to structural changes in bones and development of such disease as osteoporosis. The objective of the research was to study the content of macro- and microelements in compact bone of rats of different ages after induced mild hypothermia. Materials and methods. The content of macroelements (Са, Р, Mg) and microelements (Zn, Fe, Cu) in the femoral diaphysis of  6- and 24-month-old rats after hypothermia due to exposure to cold (animals were placed in the temperature chamber at −20°С for 5 hours a day within a period of 5 days) was analyzed using the X-ray spectral fluorescent method. Results. In 6-month-old rats on the 14th day after mild hypothermia the content of phosphorus was 6.5 % higher and  ratio Са/Р was 9.1 % lower than in control rats, and on the 28th day these indices and content of other mineral elements (Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu) did not differ from the control ones. In 24-month-old rats on the 14th day after hypothermia the content of phosphorus, magnesium and iron increased by 9.9%, 12%, and 36%, respectively and ratio Са/Р decreased by 8.4 % compared to the control group. On the 28th day the content of phosphorus was 11.3% higher and ratio Са/Р was 5.1% less than those in the control group. The index of magnesium content was high compared to the control (by 9.3 %) and did not differ from that on the 14th day after hyperthermia. The content of iron decreased by 68% compared to the 14th day and did not differ from that in the control group. The significant differences of the content of zinc and copper compared to the 14th day and control animals were not found. Conclusions. Hypothermia leads to the disbalance of macro- and microelements in compact bone, which is more expressed in 24-mounth-old rats

Regional organizational model of medical care for children born with very low and extremely low body weight

The article presents the organizational experience of medical care for children born with very low and extremely low body weight in the Ivanovo region. Medical care is carried out on the basis of the perinatal center, starting from the antenatal period until the age of 3 years. It includes the following steps: the first stage is the intensive care unit, the second stage is the pathology department for newborns and premature infants, and the third stage is catamnestic observation. The article describes organizational technologies of the regional model of medical care for children born with very low and extremely low body weight. There are data on the state of health and disability of the deeply premature infants.Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported