60 research outputs found
Spin projection chromatography
We formulate the many-body spin dynamics at high temperature within the
non-equilibrium Keldysh formalism. For the simplest XY interaction, analytical
expressions in terms of the one particle solutions are obtained for linear and
ring configurations. For small rings of even spin number, the group velocities
of excitations depend on the parity of the total spin projection. This should
enable a dynamical filtering of spin projections with a given parity i.e. a
Spin projection chromatography.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
A Quantum Many-Body Instability in the Thermodynamic Limit
Intrinsic decoherence in the thermodynamic limit is shown for a large class
of many-body quantum systems in the unitary evolution in NMR and cavity QED.
The effect largely depends on the inability of the system to recover the
phases. Gaussian decaying in time of the fidelity is proved for spin systems
and radiation-matter interaction.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. Final version accepted for publication in Modern
Physics Letters
Decoherence as attenuation of mesoscopic echoes in a spin-chain channel
An initial local excitation in a confined quantum system evolves exploring
the whole system, returning to the initial position as a mesoscopic echo at the
Heisenberg time. We consider a two weakly coupled spin chains, a spin ladder,
where one is a quantum channel while the other represents an environment. We
quantify decoherence in the quantum channel through the attenuation of the
mesoscopic echoes. We evaluate decoherence rates for different ratios between
sources of amplitude fluctuation and dephasing in the inter-chain interaction
Hamiltonian. The many-body dynamics is seen as a one-body evolution with a
decoherence rate given by the Fermi golden rule.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
Quantum parallelism as a tool for ensemble spin dynamics calculations
Efficient simulations of quantum evolutions of spin-1/2 systems are relevant
for ensemble quantum computation as well as in typical NMR experiments. We
propose an efficient method to calculate the dynamics of an observable provided
that the initial excitation is "local". It resorts a single entangled pure
initial state built as a superposition, with random phases, of the pure
elements that compose the mixture. This ensures self-averaging of any
observable, drastically reducing the calculation time. The procedure is tested
for two representative systems: a spin star (cluster with random long range
interactions) and a spin ladder.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, improved version of the manuscrip
Quantum dynamics under coherent and incoherent effects of a spin bath in the Keldysh formalism: application to a spin swapping operation
We develop the Keldysh formalism for the polarization dynamics of an open
spin system. We apply it to the swapping between two qubit states in a model
describing an NMR cross-polarization experiment. The environment is a set of
interacting spins. For fast fluctuations in the environment, the analytical
solution shows effects missed by the secular approximation of the Quantum
Master Equation for the density matrix: a frequency decrease depending on the
system-environment escape rate and the quantum quadratic short time behavior.
Considering full memory of the bath correlations yields a progressive change of
the swapping frequency.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures, final for
Effective one-body dynamics in multiple-quantum NMR experiments
A suitable NMR experiment in a one-dimensional dipolar coupled spin system
allows one to reduce the natural many-body dynamics into effective one-body
dynamics. We verify this in a polycrystalline sample of hydroxyapatite (HAp) by
monitoring the excitation of NMR many-body superposition states: the
multiple-quantum coherences. The observed effective one-dimensionality of HAp
relies on the quasi 1d structure of the dipolar coupled network that, as we
show here, is dynamically enhanced by the quantum Zeno effect. Decoherence is
also probed through a Loschmidt echo experiment, where the time reversal is
implemented on the double-quantum Hamiltonian, I_{i,+}I_{j,+} + I_{i,-}I_{j,-}.
We contrast the decoherence of adamantane, a standard 3d system, with that of
HAp. While the first shows an abrupt Fermi-type decay, HAp presents a smooth
exponential law.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure
Perfect state transfers by selective quantum interferences within complex spin networks
We present a method that implement directional, perfect state transfers
within a branched spin network by exploiting quantum interferences in the
time-domain. That provides a tool to isolate subsystems from a large and
complex one. Directionality is achieved by interrupting the spin-spin coupled
evolution with periods of free Zeeman evolutions, whose timing is tuned to be
commensurate with the relative phases accrued by specific spin pairs. This
leads to a resonant transfer between the chosen qubits, and to a detuning of
all remaining pathways in the network, using only global manipulations. As the
transfer is perfect when the selected pathway is mediated by 2 or 3 spins,
distant state transfers over complex networks can be achieved by successive
recouplings among specific pairs/triads of spins. These effects are illustrated
with a quantum simulator involving 13C NMR on Leucine's backbone; a six-spin
network.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Thermodynamic Limit and Decoherence: Rigorous Results
Time evolution operator in quantum mechanics can be changed into a
statistical operator by a Wick rotation. This strict relation between
statistical mechanics and quantum evolution can reveal deep results when the
thermodynamic limit is considered. These results translate in a set of theorems
proving that these effects can be effectively at work producing an emerging
classical world without recurring to any external entity that in some cases
cannot be properly defined. In a many-body system has been recently shown that
Gaussian decay of the coherence is the rule with a duration of recurrence more
and more small as the number of particles increases. This effect has been
observed experimentally. More generally, a theorem about coherence of bulk
matter can be proved. All this takes us to the conclusion that a well definite
boundary for the quantum to classical world does exist and that can be drawn by
the thermodynamic limit, extending in this way the deep link between
statistical mechanics and quantum evolution to a high degree.Comment: 5 pages, no figures. Contribution to proceedings of DICE 2006
(Piombino, Italy, September 11-15, 2006
Quantum Dynamical Echoes in the Spin 'Diffusion' in Mesoscopic Systems
The evolution of local spin polarization in finite systems involves
interference phenomena that give rise to {\bf quantum dynamical echoes }and
non-ergodic behavior. We predict the conditions to observe these echoes by
exploiting the NMR sequences devised by Zhang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf %
69}, 2149 (1992)], which uses a rare C as {\bf local probe }for a
dipolar coupled H spin system. The non-ideality of this probe when testing
mesoscopic systems is carefully analyzed revealing the origin of various
striking experimental features.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 3 Figures available upon reques
Environmentally induced Quantum Dynamical Phase Transition in the spin swapping operation
Quantum Information Processing relies on coherent quantum dynamics for a
precise control of its basic operations. A swapping gate in a two-spin system
exchanges the degenerate states |+,-> and |-,+>. In NMR, this is achieved
turning on and off the spin-spin interaction b=\Delta E that splits the energy
levels and induces an oscillation with a natural frequency \Delta E/\hbar.
Interaction of strength \hbar/\tau_{SE}, with an environment of neighboring
spins, degrades this oscillation within a decoherence time scale \tau_{\phi}.
While the experimental frequency \omega and decoherence time \tau_{\phi} were
expected to be roughly proportional to b/\hbar and \tau_{SE} respectively, we
present here experiments that show drastic deviations in both \omega and
\tau_{\phi}. By solving the many spin dynamics, we prove that the swapping
regime is restricted to \Delta E \tau_{SE} > \hbar. Beyond a critical
interaction with the environment the swapping freezes and the decoherence rate
drops as 1/\tau_{\phi} \propto (b/\hbar)^2 \tau_{SE}. The transition between
quantum dynamical phases occurs when \omega \propto
\sqrt{(b/\hbar)^{2}-(k/\tau_{SE})^2} becomes imaginary, resembling an
overdamped classical oscillator. Here, 0<k^2<1 depends only on the anisotropy
of the system-environment interaction, being 0 for isotropic and 1 for XY
interactions. This critical onset of a phase dominated by the Quantum Zeno
effect opens up new opportunities for controlling quantum dynamics.Comment: Final version. One figure and some equations corrected, 10 pages, 4
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