Regional cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in human aging

The oxygen-15 continuous inhalation technique and PET were used to study the age-related changes in regional CBF and CMRO2. Twenty-seven patients, aged 19 to 76 years, free of any history of cerebral disease and vascular risk factors were examined in 'resting state'. CBF, CMRO2 and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) values were calculated in seven different brain structures as well as in mean gray matter. Left-right ratios were also computed for all symmetrical structures analyzed. Mean gray CBF, but not mean gray CMRO2, decreased linearly with age (p < 0.02). However, when younger subjects (≤50 yrs) were compared to older subjects (>50 yrs), an age-related matched decrease in CBF and CMRO2 was observed in mean gray matter (18% and 17%, p < 0.05) and in all gray matter regions analyzed, particularly in frontal, temporo-sylvian and parieto-occipital cortex. White matter CBF and CMRO2 remained remarkably stable with advancing age. Although the possibility of methodological artifacts was considered, we favor progressive loss of cortical neurones and/or diminished activity of those remaining to explain our findings. In addition, age-related changes in cognitive activities might also be involved

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the introduction of training workshops on the quality of prevention and management of Post-Partum Hemorrhage (PPH) in a type III university center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A clinical audit was carried out in our type III university center before and after the introduction of training workshops on the prevention and management of PPH, in two periods between January 1(st) to December 31(st) 2011 and March 1(st) and August 1(st), 2015. Training workshops were according to the recommendations for clinical practice of the National College of Gynecologists-Obstetricians French published in 2014, and included a theoretical portion and a simulation of low fidelity manikin. Data on the management of patients presenting with PPH after vaginal birth of a singleton were retrospectively collected consecutively from medical records. Data were collected using a standardized analytical grid. Between the two data collections, some improvement actions were implemented. RESULTS: After implementation of training workshops, the proportion of patients with active management of the third stage of labor (prophylactic uterotonic after delivery) has significantly improved (72% before, vs 92% after, p = 0,001) ; time to PPH diagnosis has been significantly higher notified (40% before, vs 94% after, p < 0,001), as well as the quantification of bleeding at diagnosis (46% before, vs 72% after, p < 0,003) and total bleeding (68% before, vs 92%, p < 0,001). PPH-specific monitoring sheet was found to be used significantly more frequently (3 before, vs 30 after, p = 0,00015). Additionally, the Physician Anesthesiologist has been contacted significantly more often (34% before, vs 53% after, p = 0,002). CONCLUSION: Our study highlights a significant improvement in professional practices between 2011 and 2015 on PPH prevention and management in our type III university center

Measurement of local blood flow and oxygen consumption in evolving irreversible cerebral infarction: an in vivo study in man

Available from CEN Saclay, Service de Documentation, 91191 - Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Local cerebral blood flow (1CBF) and oxygen consumption (1CMRO ) in evolving irreversible ischemic infarction: a study with positron tomography and oxygen-15

Available from CEN Saclay, Service de Documentation, 91191 - Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Debit sanguin cerebral et consommation d'oxygene locaux au cours d'une migraine hemiplegique prolongee

SIGLEAvailable from CEN Saclay, Service de Documentation, 91191 - Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc