New Michigan State Record for a Sphecine Wasp, \u3ci\u3ePodium Rufipes\u3c/i\u3e (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae)

Podium rufipes, previously unrecorded from Michigan, has been found occupy- ing trap nests in the southwestern lower peninsula

Quantum computing and single-qubit measurements using the spin filter effect

Many things will have to go right for quantum computation to become a reality in the lab. For any of the presently-proposed approaches involving spin states in solids, an essential requirement is that these spins should be measured at the single-Bohr-magneton level. Fortunately, quantum computing provides a suggestion for a new approach to this seemingly almost impossible task: convert the magnetization into a charge, and measure the charge. I show how this might be done by exploiting the spin filter effect provided by ferromagnetic tunnel barriers, used in conjunction with one-electron quantum dots.Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure. To be published in J. Appl. Phys., paper given at the 43rd Annual MMM Conferenc

God’s Extended Mind

The traditional doctrine of divine omniscience ascribes to God the fully exercised power to know all truths. but why is God’s excellence with respect to knowing not treated on a par with his excellence with respect to doing, where the latter requires only that God have the power to do all things? The prima facie problem with divine ”omni-knowledgeability’ -- roughly, being able to know whatever one wants to know whenever one wants to know it -- is that knowledge requires an internal representation, whereas mere ”knowledgeability’ does not. I argue to the contrary that knowledge does not require an internal representation, and that even if it did, an omni-knowledgeable God would satisfy this requirement. omni-knowledgeability therefore represents a distinct understanding of God’s cognitive excellence while satisfying the traditional insistence on full omniscience