24,040 research outputs found
Characterization of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to bovine enteric coronavirus: Establishment of an efficient ELISA for antigen detection in feces
Monoclonal antibodies to bovine enteric coronavirus (BEC) were produced. Additionally, polyclonal antibodies were made in rabbits and guinea pigs and extracted from the yolk of immunized hens. The antibodies were characterized by neutralization test, hemagglutination inhibition test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblotting. Neutralizing antibody titers of polyclonal antisera ranged from 1:1280 to 1:40 000. Only one out of 908 hybridoma colonies tested secreted antibodies with neutralizing activity. By ELISA, polyclonal sera exhibited high background reactions that could be significantly reduced by treatment with kaolin in the case of rabbit sera.
Attempts to establish an ELISA for BEC antigen detection based on polyclonal sera failed due to low sensitivity and specificity. Optimal results were achieved when a mixture of two monoclonal antibodies was coated onto microplates for antigen capture, while rabbit hyperimmune serum served as detecting antibodies in an indirect assay.
The combination of the two monoclonal antibodies did not increase sensitivity synergistically, but in a compensatory fashion, probably because of epitope differences between BEC field strain
Density Functional Theory of the Hubbard-Holstein Model
We present a density functional theory (DFT) for lattice models with local
electron-electron (e-e) and electron-phonon (e-ph) interactions.
Exchange-correlation potentials are derived via dynamical mean field theory for
the infinite-dimensional Bethe lattice, and analytically for an isolated
Hubbard-Holstein site. These potentials exhibit discontinuities as a function
of the density, which depend on the relative strength of the e-e and e-ph
interactions. By comparing to exact benchmarks, we show that the DFT formalism
gives a good description of the linear conductance and real-time dynamics.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplemental material provided as pd
Hypersensitive reaction of nodule cells in the glycine sp bradyrhizobium-japonicum symbiosis occurs at the genotype-specific level
Rapid identification and differentiation of the vaccine strain Rac H from EHV 1 field isolates using a non-radioactive DNA probe
A method for rapid differentiation between the EHV 1 live vaccine strain Rac H and field isolates is described. Total DNA was isolated from virus-infected small scale cell cultures. DNA fragments digested with restriction endonuclease BamHI were separated, transfered and immobilized on filter membranes. A Digoxigenin-labeled probe derived from EHV 1 was used for hybridization. This probe hybridized specifically to sequences of the inverted terminal repeat region which in case of Rac H include a deletion of 0.8 kb. By comparing the different migration patterns after blot hybridization it could be shown that in 65 isolates from cases of abortion the live vaccine strain Rac H was not involve
Geometry of Universal Magnification Invariants
Recent work in gravitational lensing and catastrophe theory has shown that
the sum of the signed magnifications of images near folds, cusps and also
higher catastrophes is zero. Here, it is discussed how Lefschetz fixed point
theory can be used to interpret this result geometrically. It is shown for the
generic case as well as for elliptic and hyperbolic umbilics in gravitational
lensing.Comment: RevTEX4, 13 pages, submitted to J. Math. Phy
Phase transitions and the internal noise structure of nonlinear Schr\"odi nger equation solitons
We predict phase-transitions in the quantum noise characteristics of systems
described by the quantum nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation, showing them to be
related to the solitonic field transition at half the fundamental soliton
amplitude. These phase-transitions are robust with respect to Raman noise and
scattering losses. We also describe the rich internal quantum noise structure
of the solitonic fields in the vicinity of the phase-transition. For optical
coherent quantum solitons, this leads to the prediction that eliminating the
peak side-band noise due to the electronic nonlinearity of silica fiber by
spectral filtering leads to the optimal photon-number noise reduction of a
fundamental soliton.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Simulation of seismic events induced by CO2 injection at In Salah, Algeria
Date of Acceptance: 18/06/2015 Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the operators of the In Salah JV and JIP, BP, Statoil and Sonatrach, for providing the data shown in this paper, and for giving permission to publish. Midland Valley Exploration are thanked for the use of their Move software for geomechanical restoration. JPV is a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Early Career Research Fellow (Grant NE/I021497/1) and ALS is funded by a NERC Partnership Research Grant (Grant NE/I010904).Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Serendipitous discovery of an extended X-ray jet without a radio counterpart in a high-redshift quasar
A recent Chandra observation of the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 585 has led
to the discovery of an extended X-ray jet associated with the high-redshift
background quasar B3 0727+409, a luminous radio source at redshift z=2.5. This
is one of only few examples of high-redshift X-ray jets known to date. It has a
clear extension of about 12", corresponding to a projected length of ~100 kpc,
with a possible hot spot located 35" from the quasar. The archival high
resolution VLA maps surprisingly reveal no extended jet emission, except for
one knot about 1.4" from the quasar. The high X-ray to radio luminosity ratio
for this source appears consistent with the amplification
expected from the inverse Compton radiative model. This serendipitous discovery
may signal the existence of an entire population of similar systems with bright
X-ray and faint radio jets at high redshift, a selection bias which must be
accounted for when drawing any conclusions about the redshift evolution of jet
properties and indeed about the cosmological evolution of supermassive black
holes and active galactic nuclei in general
Triaxiality and the determination of the cubic shape parameter K3 from five observables
The absolute and the relative quadrupole shape invariants q3 and K3 provide a
model independent measure of triaxiality for beta-rigid nuclei. We will show
that one can obtain q3 and K3 from a small number of observables. The
approximations which are made will be shown to hold within a few percent both
in the rigid triaxial rotor model and the interacting boson model. The shape
parameter K3 is given for an exemplary set of nuclei and is translated into
effective values of the geometrical deformation parameters beta and gamma.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
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