Noise Pollution and Its Impact on Human Health and Social Behavior using Systems Approach-A Case Study in Kurnool City

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the noise pollution problem in the Kurnool city of Andhra Pradesh, India and its effect on the public. Transportation and horn used in vehicle are the major source of noise pollution. Noise is one of the environmental problems that make daily life uncomfortable. It is an unidentified pollution that causes adverse effects on human life. Noise interferes in complex task performance, modifies social behavior and causes annoyance. Six different locations are chosen for study. Noise levels are monitored at different times in the day and night. Bronfenbrenner’s systems approach is used to illustrate the socio behavioral changes in human life due to noise. Keywords: Traffic noise – severe health issues - effect on social behavior - systems approach

Fine needle aspiration: a simple and handy tool to diagnose malignant lymphadenopathy

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the lymph node is a simple useful screening test to diagnose suspected and unsuspected secondary and primary lymph node malignancy. The aim of the present study is to know the role of FNAC in the diagnosis of clinically suspected and unsuspected lymph node malignancies. Study design: prospective cohort study.Methods: Study material comprise of ‘76’ lymph nodes aspirates reported as malignant on cytology, out of total 445 cases of lymph node aspiration in two years period i.e. from October 2014 to September 2016.These 76 smears were studied and tabulated according to their cytomorphology and the lymph node group affected was noted. The clinical and radiological data were also noted.Results: Males were found more affected than females. cervical lymph node is the commonest group involved. Metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma was the most common diagnosis made on cytology.Conclusions: FNAC is found simple and very useful tool for diagnosing malignant lesions of lymph nodes especially in case of metastasis

Role of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in determining the outcomes of preterm premature rupture of membranes

Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is a significant obstetric problem. Evaluation of neutorphil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is expected to throw light on the potential scope of early prediction of PPROM. With this background, the present study was carried out to compare the NLR among preterm PROM and healthy controls to evaluate the predictive role of NLR and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).Methods: This case control study was carried out among 101 pregnant women 44 pregnant women diagnosed with Preterm PROM and 55 term gestation matched healthy controls. Laboratory parameters (including complete blood count were measured. PLR was calculated as the number of platelets divided by the lymphocyte count, and NLR was calculated by dividing the neutrophil Count by the lymphocyte count, both of which were obtained from the same blood samples.Results: All the inflammatory markers including total count, neutrophil count, NLR and PLR ratios were elevated among PPROM group compared to the controls. The observed differences in the mean levels of these parameters were statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: It may be considered that monitoring of NLR during second and early third trimesters as a routine practice among high risk mothers can significantly help in early prediction of PPROM and help in minimizing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes

TO AUGMENT THE POTENCY OF ROADS FOR TRANSPORTATION BY USING GEOTECH MATERIALS

Clay is an obviously taking place fabric composed usually of first-rate-grained minerals, which shows plasticity property via a variable variety of water content and which can be hardened while dried and/ or fired. Soft clay soil which has the low bearing ability and huge settlements that take vicinity for long intervals of time. As flexible pavement is majorly utilized in India, it's far essential that steps should be taken to increase the existence of the bituminous pavements. Flexible pavement is regularly subjected to problems like rutting, cracking, and special failures due to repeated traffic loads. In this undertaking, we have got used the waste substances like lignin and plastic as a substitute material for bitumen in the proportion of five&amp;10%, 10&amp;15%, 15&amp;20%, 20&amp;25% respectively. It has been placed that lignin can act as a binding fabric for asphalt, as a result, enhancing the houses of the bitumen. In order to promote sustainable practices and to combat fee increase, measures with sound sustainability credentials need to be widely applied. Developing novel substances and technologies to mix greener fabric, waste and recycled substances into the production cycle of asphalt combinations is an answer that improves every sustainability and rate-performance of the asphalt pavement industry. The number one concept provided on this paper is the software program of an eco-innovative asphalt pavement designed through partial substitution of greener substances into asphalt combos: reclaimed asphalt pavement

TOWARDS A NOVEL HYBRID APPROACH FOR REMOVING DUPLICATE COPIES OF REPEATED DATA

Previous systems cannot support differential authorization duplicate check, in several applications. In the recent times, structural design was offered that consisting of twin clouds for effective outsourcing of data as well as arbitrary computations towards an untrustworthy commodity cloud. With the introduction of cloud computing, efficient secure data deduplication has attracted much concentration in recent times from research community. Data deduplication is a committed data compression technique that is generally introduced for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating storage data. Distinct from established systems, private cloud is offered as a proxy towards permitting data owner to securely execute duplicate check by differential privileges and hence this architecture is useful and has attracted much consideration from researchers.   In our work we solve difficulty of deduplication by differential privileges within cloud computing, we imagine a hybrid cloud structural design consisting of a public cloud and private cloud.

RECENT PROGRESS OF DENDRIMERS IN DRUG DELIVERY FOR CANCER THERAPY

With the recent advances of nanotechnology, dendrimers are emerging as a highly attractive class of drug delivery vectors for cancer therapy. Dendrimers are multifunctional smart Nanocarriers to deliver one or more therapeutic agent safely and selectively to cancer cells. The high level of control over the synthesis of dendritic architecture makes dendrimers a nearly perfect (spherical) nanocarrier for site-specific drug delivery. The presence of functional groups in the dendrimers exterior also permits the addition of other moieties that can actively target certain diseases which are now widely used as tumor targeting strategies. Drug encapsulation, solubilization and passive targeting also equally contribute to the therapeutic use of dendrimers. Dendrimers are ideal carrier vehicles on cytotoxicity, blood plasma retention time, biodistribution and tumor uptake. In this review we highlight the advantages of dendrimers over conventional chemotherapy, toxicity and its management, following anti-cancer drugs delivered by using dendrimers and recent advances in drug delivery by various types of dendrimers as well as its diagnostic applications

PRONIOSOMES: A VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

In the development of new dosage forms, drug delivery using nanotechnology is playing a vital role. Vesicular drug delivery systems have gained wide attention in the field of nanotechnology, such as niosomes, liposomes and proniosomes. Among the vesicular carriers, proniosomes are superior. Proniosomes are water-soluble carrier particles that are coated with surfactant so these are dry formulations. They are rehydrated to use on agitation in hot aqueous media within minutes to form niosomal dispersion immediately. Both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugscan be incorporated into these proteasomes. The physical stability problems of niosomes like aggregation, fusion and leaking are minimized in proniosomes, routes, such as oral, parenteral, dermal and transdermal, ocular, oral mucosal, vaginal, pulmonary, and intranasal. Proniosomes prolong the existence of the drug in the systemic circulation and finally reduces toxicity. This review focuses on different aspects of proniosomes such as preparation, characterization, in vitro drug release, entrapment efficiency, applications in the present scenario in the market and future trends

Controller Implementation for PV Interconnection Based Three-Phase UPS Systems Operating Under Highly Nonlinear Loads

In this paper we have multi functional converters to inter connect the both the dc and ac grids to handle power quality issues of the micro-grids. Multifunctional inverters can not only interface the renewable energy resource into the utility grid, but also can compensate the harmonic and reactive current in the micro-grid as an auxiliary service. Therefore, to enhance the power quality of the micro-grid by optimal utilization of the limited and valuable capacity becomes a technical challenge. In this paper, two optimal control objectives of MFGTIs are presented based on a comprehensive power quality evaluation algorithm by means of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) theory. The two proposed strategies are analyzed about the powers and voltage and currents as results, and the paper also discusses how to use them in practice for the best performance. Simulation of proposed svpwm verifies the feasibility of the proposed optimal control strategies

Seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections in voluntary and replacement blood donors in a tertiary care hospital blood bank of Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India: 5 years retrospective study

Background: Critical part of transfusion is effective screening of TTI, to reduce the risk of transmission is as safe as possible. The present study has undertaken to focus on seroprevalence of TTIs among both voluntary and replacement donors and also to project epidemiological data of TTIs in this community.Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from January 2014 to December 2018. All blood samples collected from donors were screened for HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis and malaria according to blood bank policy. Before drawing blood, donors were asked to fill pre structured Blood bank questionnaire and consent form.Results: In this present 5-year study, total number of blood donor population was 54937, among them voluntary donors were 33891 and replacement donors were 21046. Out of 33891 voluntary donors, 33486(98.8%) were males and remaining 405(1.19%) were females. All replacement donors (21046) were males. The seroprevalence of HBV was highest, 1.82% (1003/54937) followed by HCV 0.31% (175/54937) in all the donors. The seropositivity for HIV is 0.23% (129/54937), for syphilis 0.04% (24/54937) and for malaria 0.01% (6/54937).Conclusions: National blood transfusion policy should be strengthening the standards and quality of screening across the country. For blood screening, resources and appropriate screening assays must be available at all health centres

Analytical and Experimental study on FVA of Isotropic and Orthotropic Laminates with FEM Validations

Several approaches such as two-dimensional shear deformation and higher order theories, three-dimensional exact elasticity method and 2-D, 3-D finite element procedures are available in predicting the natural frequencies of composite laminates. In all, a 3-D FEM assists in developing a model for structures with complex constraints, materials and complex geometries. But FE directs an approach that obtains an approximation in solution that depends on discretization type and the polynomials method desirable for field variable limitations. Hence, a convergence test is performed in addition to FE in order to improvise the finite element results accuracy and validating with other benchmark outcomes. The current investigation involves the solving for several boundary conditions of a thick rectangular plate’s free vibration analysis [FVA] for isotropic and orthotropic materials by the application of 3-D finite element methods and convergence results are compared with available analytical results. In addition, experiments are conducted on thick isotropic and orthotropic materials along with experimental modal analysis in order to verify 3-Dimensional finite element process. From this study it can be known that, the values of finite element method highly converges with various experimental and analytical results of isotropic material. When comparing 3-D FEM with the experimental results of the orthotropic sample, a deviation of 5-8% was observed