15,097 research outputs found
Temperature and Polarization Patterns in Anisotropic Cosmologies
We study the coherent temperature and polarization patterns produced in
homogeneous but anisotropic cosmological models. We show results for all
Bianchi types with a Friedman-Robertson-Walker limit (i.e. Types I, V,
VII, VII and IX) to illustrate the range of possible behaviour. We
discuss the role of spatial curvature, shear and rotation in the geodesic
equations for each model and establish some basic results concerning the
symmetries of the patterns produced. We also give examples of the
time-evolution of these patterns in terms of the Stokes parameters , and
.Comment: 24 pages, 7 Figures, submitted to JCAP. Revised version: numerous
references added, text rewritten, and errors corrected
Patterns of Striped order in the Classical Lattice Coulomb Gas
We obtain via Monte Carlo simulations the low temperature charge
configurations in the lattice Coulomb gas on square lattices for charge filling
ratio in the range . We find a simple regularity in the low
temperature charge configurations which consist of a suitable periodic
combination of a few basic striped patterns characterized by the existence of
partially filled diagonal channels. In general there exist two separate
transitions where the lower temperature transition () corresponds to the
freezing of charges within the partially filled channels. is found to be
sensitively dependent on through the charge number density within the channels.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figure
WIYN Open Cluster Study XI: WIYN 3.5m Deep Photometry of M35 (NGC 2168)
We present deep BVI observations of the core of M35 and a nearby comparison
field obtained at the WIYN 3.5m telescope under excellent seeing. These
observations display the lower main sequence in BV and VI CMDs down to V = 23.3
and 24.6, respectively. At these faint magnitudes background field stars are
far more numerous than the cluster stars, yet by using a smoothing technique
and CMD density distribution subtraction we recover the cluster fiducial main
sequence and luminosity function to V = 24.6. We find the location of the main
sequence in these CMDs to be consistent with earlier work on other open
clusters, specifically NGC 188, NGC 2420, and NGC 2477. We compare these open
cluster fiducial sequences to stellar models by Baraffe et al. (1998), Siess et
al. (2000), Girardi et al. (2000), and Yi et al. (2001) and find that the
models are too blue in both B-V and V-I for stars below ~0.4 Mo. M35 contains
stars to the limit of the extracted main sequence, at M ~ 0.10-0.15 Mo,
suggesting that M35 may harbor a large number of brown dwarfs, which should be
easy targets for near-IR instrumentation on 8-10m telescopes. We also identify
a new candidate white dwarf in M35 at V = 21.36 +- 0.01. Depending on which WD
models are used to interpret this cluster candidate, it is either a very high
mass WD (1.05 +- 0.05 Mo) somewhat older (0.19-0.26 Gyr, 3-4 sigma) than our
best isochrone age (150 Myr), or it is a modestly massive WD (0.67-0.78 Mo)
much too old (0.42-0.83 Gyr) to belong to the cluster.Comment: 28 pages + 24 figures; to be published in the Sept, 2002 A
Spectroscopic Evidence for Anisotropic S-Wave Pairing Symmetry in MgB2
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of superconducting MgB ( K)
were studied on high-density pellets and c-axis oriented films. The sample
surfaces were chemically etched to remove surface carbonates and hydroxides,
and the data were compared with calculated spectra for all symmetry-allowed
pairing channels. The pairing potential () is best described by an
anisotropic s-wave pairing model, with , where is the angle relative to the
crystalline c-axis, meV, and meV.Comment: 4 pages and 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters.
Corresponding author: Nai-Chang Yeh (e-mail: [email protected]
Fragmented and Single Condensate Ground States of Spin-1 Bose Gas
We show that the ground state of a spin-1 Bose gas with an antiferro-
magnetic interaction is a fragmented condensate in uniform magnetic fields. The
number fluctuations in each spin component change rapidly from being enormous
(order ) to exceedingly small (order 1) as the magnetization of the system
increases. A fragmented condensate can be turned into a single condensate state
by magnetic field gradients. The conditions for existence and the method of
detecting fragmented states are presented.Comment: 4 pages, no figure
Underpotential deposition of Cu on Au(111) in sulfate-containing electrolytes: a theoretical and experimental study
We study the underpotential deposition of Cu on single-crystal Au(111)
electrodes in sulfate-containing electrolytes by a combination of computational
statistical-mechanics based lattice-gas modeling and experiments. The
experimental methods are in situ cyclic voltammetry and coulometry and ex situ
Auger electron spectroscopy and low-energy electron diffraction. The
experimentally obtained voltammetric current and charge densities and adsorbate
coverages are compared with the predictions of a two-component lattice-gas
model for the coadsorption of Cu and sulfate. This model includes effective,
lateral interactions out to fourth-nearest neighbors. Using group-theoretical
ground-state calculations and Monte Carlo simulations, we estimate effective
electrovalences and lateral adsorbate--adsorbate interactions so as to obtain
overall agreement with experiments, including both our own and those of other
groups. In agreement with earlier work, we find a mixed R3xR3 phase consisting
of 2/3 monolayer Cu and 1/3 monolayer sulfate at intermediate electrode
potentials, delimited by phase transitions at both higher and lower potentials.
Our approach provides estimates of the effective electrovalences and lateral
interaction energies, which cannot yet be calculated by first-principles
methods.Comment: 36 pages, 14 Postscript figures are in uufiles for
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