Neural tolerance of the non-ionic dimers iodixanol and iotrolan and the non-ionic monomer iopamidol during myelography in non-anaesthetised rabbits

PURPOSE: The neural tolerance of the recently introduced dimer iodixanol (320 g I/l) was compared with that of the dimer iotrolan (300 g I/l) and of the monomer iopamidol (300 g I/l), both used in clinical myelography.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-anaesthetised rabbits were injected into the cisterna magna with Ringer's solution (control) or contrast media (CM) at doses of 1.0 or 0.5 ml/kg b.w. The behaviour of the animals (10 in each of 7 groups) was evaluated for signs of excitation and depression during the first 3 hours after injection.RESULTS: At the dose level of 1.0 ml/kg b.w., iodixanol produced no seizures but did cause focal twitching in 4/10 rabbits. Iopamidol produced grand mal seizures in 2/10 and hyperexcitability in 4/10 rabbits. Iotrolan produced generalised grand mal seizures in 8/10 rabbits, an incidence of excitation significantly greater than that of iodixanol (p < 0.01) and iopamidol (p < 0.05). The excitative effects of iodixanol were not significantly different from those of iopamidol and Ringer's solution. All 3 CM produced similar depressive effects on rabbit behaviour. Ringer's solution caused no depressive effects (p < 0.01). A clear dose response was produced with all 3 CM after treatment with a lower dose of 0.5 ml/kg b.w.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the neural tolerance in the rabbit of iodixanol is higher than that of iotrolan, and is at least equal to that of iopamidol

Long term effects of oil on marine benthic communities in enclosures. Littoral rock community project at Solbergstrand. Progress report No 2, march 1983

The report describes the various research elements of the rocky shore community project at Solbergstrand, and their status until 28 February 1983.BP Petroleum Development Lt

Long term effects of oil on marine benthic communities in enclosures. Littoral rock community project. Progress report No 4. Sublittoral soft bottom project. Progress report No 1

The report presents results achieved during spring/summer 1983 in the subprojects under the research programme "Long term effects of oil on marine benhtic communities in enclosures"BP Petroleum Development Ltd., Norway u/