Beyond the Visible: Jointly Attending to Spectral and Spatial Dimensions with HSI-Diffusion for the FINCH Spacecraft

Satellite remote sensing missions have gained popularity over the past fifteen years due to their ability to cover large swaths of land at regular intervals, making them ideal for monitoring environmental trends. The FINCH mission, a 3U+ CubeSat equipped with a hyperspectral camera, aims to monitor crop residue cover in agricultural fields. Although hyperspectral imaging captures both spectral and spatial information, it is prone to various types of noise, including random noise, stripe noise, and dead pixels. Effective denoising of these images is crucial for downstream scientific tasks. Traditional methods, including hand-crafted techniques encoding strong priors, learned 2D image denoising methods applied across different hyperspectral bands, or diffusion generative models applied independently on bands, often struggle with varying noise strengths across spectral bands, leading to significant spectral distortion. This paper presents a novel approach to hyperspectral image denoising using latent diffusion models that integrate spatial and spectral information. We particularly do so by building a 3D diffusion model and presenting a 3-stage training approach on real and synthetically crafted datasets. The proposed method preserves image structure while reducing noise. Evaluations on both popular hyperspectral denoising datasets and synthetically crafted datasets for the FINCH mission demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. Our code can be found at github.com/utat-ss/FINCH-destripin

Long-term Implications of Highway Quality and Length in the Growth of Indian Manufacturing Sector: A System Dynamics Analysis

466-474India, with five million kilometers of length, has the world’s second largest road-network which is also the densest among the countries of similar size. Highways in the road-network play an important role in the development of a country’s economy. However, the highways in India are capacity constrained, slow, less safe, environmentally unfriendly, not maintained or non-maintainable and patchily administered. For the nation’s economic growth, the quality of roads and the length of its new-construction which facilitate the movement of tones of goods and market accessibility is a necessity. Improvement in transportation efficiency brings down the logistics cost, making the product more cost-competitive thereby encouraging economies-of-scale, which in turn provides the impetus to manufacturing growth. To understand the long-term implications of the quality of highways, the length of its new-construction and its related factors on the nation’s manufacturing growth, a System Dynamics approach has been used in the paper. The eight scenarios simulated in the model are expected to provide useful insights to the road-transport planners and the policy makers of the nation

Location of, and Distances Moved by, a Weaver in a Loom-Shed

95-99<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">An analysis is carried out for the location of a weaver who controls a group of looms in a given layout so that he moves a minimum distance. The analysis is done by using a minimum approach for different types of movement. An example of the use of this analysis is given.</span