8 research outputs found
Wp艂yw obr贸bki celulazami na w艂a艣ciwo艣ci bawe艂nianych tkanin frotte
Terry fabrics are exposed to frequent and intensive washing and must therefore be resistant to water, alkali, washing agents and rubbing. Washing agents frequently contain cellulase enzymes. The influence of two kinds of cellulase enzymes on the properties of a 100% cotton terry fabric was investigated. The whole cellulase mixture and an endoglucanaserich cellulase product were used. Fabric strength, resistance to rubbing, wettability, hand feeling, whiteness and other properties were observed. Moreover the influence of different pretreatment processes on the properties of the terry fabric was investigated. The fabric was scoured with alkali or with pectinase enzymes, and bleached with hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid. It was established that enzymatic scouring and peracetic acid bleaching consume less energy and water but provide fabrics with lower whiteness and wettability, suitable only for further dyeing in dark or medium shades. Cellulases deteriorate the properties of terry fabrics; however, worse are the whole cellulase mixtures.Tkaniny frotte s膮 intensywnie prane i dlatego musz膮 by膰 odporne na dzia艂anie wody, zasad, 艣rodk贸w pior膮cych i tarcie. 艢rodki pior膮ce cz臋sto zawieraj膮 celulazy. Badano wp艂yw dw贸ch rodzaj贸w enzym贸w celulazy na w艂a艣ciwo艣ci 100%-bawe艂nianych tkanin frotte. W badaniach u偶yto mieszaniny celulaz i endoglukanaz. Badano m.in., wytrzyma艂o艣膰, odporno艣膰 na 艣cieranie, zwil偶alno艣膰, chwyt, stopie艅 bieli. Ponadto badano wp艂yw r贸偶nych proces贸w obr贸bki wst臋pnej na w艂a艣ciwo艣ci tkanin. Tkaniny poddano obr贸bce alkalicznej i enzymatycznej u偶ywaj膮c pektyny oraz bielenie nadtlenkiem wodoru lub kwasem nadoctowym. Ustalono, 偶e podczas obr贸bki enzymatycznej i bielenia kwasem nadoctowym zu偶ywa si臋 mniej energii i wody, ale uzyskuje si臋 tkaniny o ni偶szym stopniu bieli i mniejszej zwil偶alno艣ci, nadaj膮ce si臋 tylko do dalszego barwienia w odcieniach ciemnych lub 艣redniociemnych. Stwierdzono, 偶e celulazy pogarszaj膮 w艂a艣ciwo艣ci tkanin frotte, jednak偶e gorszy wp艂yw maj膮 mieszaniny celulazowe
Apparel Purchasing with Consideration of Eco-labels among Slovenian Consumers
The increasing public awareness and sense of social responsibility related to environmental issues have led the textile and clothing industry to manufacture products with improved environmental profiles. During the 1990鈥檚, the industrialised world witnessed a growing number of environmental labels as a way of encouraging consumers and industries to alter their consumption patterns and to make wiser use of resources and energy in the drive for sustainable development. In this exploratory study, environmental knowledge among Slovenian consumers regarding the most popular current eco labels was examined. Data were collected through a structured online survey from a simple random sample of 535 consumers. Responses to an online questionnaire indicated that the largest share of participants consider clothing composition the most, while only a small percentage consider eco labels and the environmental impact. Consumers are willing to pay no more than 10% for a textile product with an ecological label attached. The largest proportion of respondents identified themselves as average eco-conscious,, although they didn鈥檛 show any knowledge of eco labels. The study revealed that it is necessary to increase the level of awareness of sustainable materials as well as trust in eco labelling systems with transparent standardisation and certification systems.Wzrastaj膮ca 艣wiadomo艣膰 spo艂eczna odpowiedzialno艣ci w stosunku do zagadnie艅 ochrony 艣rodowiska sk艂oni艂a przemys艂 tekstylny i odzie偶owy do produkcji wyrob贸w o podwy偶szonych parametrach ekologicznych. W latach 1990 kraje uprzemys艂owione zacz臋艂y wprowadza膰 coraz wi臋cej oznakowa艅 ekologicznych dla zach臋cenia konsument贸w i producent贸w w zakresie wyboru produktu jak i wyboru surowca. W artykule przedstawiono studium oparte na badaniach 艣wiadomo艣ci ekologicznej s艂owe艅skich konsument贸w i ich ustosunkowanie si臋 do najbardziej popularnych oznakowa艅 ekologicznych. Wykorzystano 535 opinii na ten temat, kt贸re wykaza艂y ze zdecydowana wi臋kszo艣膰 konsument贸w uwa偶a za najbardziej istotny sk艂ad surowcowy produktu. Tylko ma艂y procent uwzgl臋dnia oznaczenie ekologiczne oraz wp艂yw produktu na 艣rodowisko. Konsumenci s膮 sk艂onni p艂aci膰 nie wi臋cej ni偶 ponad 10% za produkt w艂贸kienniczy oznaczony ekologicznym znakiem. Wi臋kszo艣膰 respondent贸w identyfikowa艂a si臋 jako 艣wiadomych ekologicznie mimo braku wiedzy o oznaczeniach ekologicznych
Model symulacyjny odwijania prz臋dzy z nawoju
Yarn unwinding from packages plays an essential role in many textile processes. The stability of unwinding has a direct influence on the efficiency of the textile processes in general and on the quality of the final products. Calculations based on a theoretical model of unwinding can help us in our pursuit of an optimal design of packages and an optimal unwinding process. We will derive expressions for the time dependence of the angular velocity of the balloon rotation around the package axis, of the unwinding velocity and the winding angle during yarn unwinding from the cylindrical package. We will demonstrate a mathematical model for simulating the unwinding from cylindrical packages. We will show how the winding angle influences the angular velocity and tension oscillations of the yarn during unwinding. Since the centrifugal forces on the yarn in the balloon depend on the angular velocity, this velocity has a large influence on the tension that we wish to reduce.Odwijanie prz臋dzy z nawoju odgrywa kluczow膮 rol臋 w wielu procesach w艂贸kienniczych. Stabilno艣膰 odwijania ma bezpo艣redni wp艂yw na efektywno艣膰 proces贸w w艂贸kienniczych i na jako艣膰 produkt贸w ko艅cowych. Obliczenia oparte na modelu teoretycznym odwijania s膮 pomocne w projektowaniu nawoj贸w i optymalizacji procesu odwijania. Wyprowadzono zale偶no艣ci czasowe pr臋dko艣ci k膮towej wirowania balonu wok贸艂 osi nawoju i pr臋dko艣ci odwijania oraz wz贸r na k膮t przewijania. Przedstawiono matematyczny model symulacji odwijania z awoj贸w cylindrycznych. Pokazano jak wp艂ywa k膮t przewijania na pr臋dko艣膰 k膮tow膮 i wahania napr臋偶enia podczas odwijania prz臋dzy
Study of the Interaction Between Methyl Orange and Mono and Bis-Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants
The solubilization and interaction of an azodye (methyl orange) with dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cationic gemini surfactants in the series of alkanediyl 伪,蠅-bis[(dimethyl alkyl ammonium)bromide)] referred to as (m-s-m), m = 10, 12, 14 and s = 2, 3, 4 were investigated by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy. Aggregation with the anionic dye was reflected by a hypsochromic shift with a decrease in the intensity of the absorption band. The results also show a bathochromic shift followed by a sharp increase in the intensity of the maximum absorption band 位max after the critical micellar concentration (CMC). This indicates that the dye solubility increased with increasing surfactant concentration. It was also observed that the aggregation of surfactant and dye takes place at a surfactant concentration far below the CMC of the individual surfactant. The effects of the chain length as well as the spacer length of gemini surfactants on the critical aggregation concentration and CMC were also examined. Moreover, the partition coefficients between the bulk water and surfactant micelles KS and KX as well as the Gibbs energies of distribution of dye between the bulk water and surfactant micelles were determined using the pseudophase model. The effect of the hydrophobic chain length and spacer of gemini surfactants on the distribution parameters is also reported.We would like to thank The CNRST (Morocco) for its financial support: Project: Protars (D13/31)Peer reviewe