5,175 research outputs found
Optimizing Transport of Majorana Zero Modes in One-Dimensional Topological Superconductors
Topological quantum computing is based on the notion of braiding non-Abelian
anyons, such as Majorana zero modes (MZMs), to perform gate operations. A
crucial building block of these protocols is the adiabatic shuttling of MZMs
through topological superconductors. Here, we consider the "piano key"
approach, where MZMs are transported using local electric gates to tune
sections ("keys") of a wire between topologically trivial and non-trivial
phases. We numerically simulate this transport on a single wire and calculate
the diabatic error corresponding to exciting the system. We find that this
error is typically reduced when transport is facilitated by using multiple keys
as one may expect from modelling each piano key press as an effective
Landau-Zener process. However, further increasing the number of keys increases
errors; thus, there exists a non-trivial optimal number of keys that minimizes
the diabatic error given a fixed total shuttle time. As we show, this optimal
number of keys can be explained by modelling each key press as an effective
Landau-Zener process while paying careful attention to power-law corrections
that arise due to the non-analytic behaviour of the time-dependent modulation
of the chemical potential at the beginning and end of each key press.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure
Crossing Symmetry Violation of Unitarized Pion-Pion Amplitude in the Resonance Region
Pion-pion scattering amplitude obtained from one-loop Chiral Perturbation
Theory (ChPT) is crossing symmetric, however the corresponding partial wave
amplitudes do not respect exact unitarity relation. There are different
approaches to get unitarized partial wave amplitudes from ChPT. Here we
consider the inverse amplitude method (IAM) that is often used to fit pion-pion
phase shifts to experimental data, by adjusting free parameters. We measure the
amount of crossing symmetry violation (CSV) in this case and we show that
crossing symmetry is badly violated by the IAM unitarized ChPT amplitude in the
resonance region. Important CSV also occurs when all free parameters are set
equal to zero.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Complete control of a matter qubit using a single picosecond laser pulse
We demonstrate for the first time that a matter physical two level system, a
qubit, can be fully controlled using one ultrafast step. We show that the spin
state of an optically excited electron, an exciton, confined in a quantum dot,
can be rotated by any desired angle, about any desired axis, during such a
step. For this we use a single, resonantly tuned, picosecond long, polarized
optical pulse. The polarization of the pulse defines the rotation axis, while
the pulse detuning from a non-degenerate absorption resonance, defines the
magnitude of the rotation angle. We thereby achieve a high fidelity, universal
gate operation, applicable to other spin systems, using only one short optical
pulse. The operation duration equals the pulse temporal width, orders of
magnitude shorter than the qubit evolution life and coherence times.Comment: main text: 4 pages, 3 figures Supplemental material: 3 pages, 1
figur
Excitation spectroscopy of single quantum dots at tunable positive, neutral and negative charge states
We present a comprehensive study of the optical transitions and selection
rules of variably charged single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. We
apply high resolution polarization sensitive photoluminescence excitation
spectroscopy to the same quantum dot for three different charge states: neutral
and negatively or positively charged by one additional electron or hole. From
the detailed analysis of the excitation spectra, a full understanding of the
single-carrier energy levels and the interactions between carriers in these
levels is extracted for the first time.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Co-Morbidity of Pituitary Adenoma and Frontal Convexity Meningioma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Instruction: The current study reports a woman with pituitary adenoma and frontal convexity meningioma that was detected accidentially. To the best of our knowledge, this case is considered as a rare clinical scenario.Case presentation: A 37 years old woman suffering from amenorrhea and galactorrhea had her detail investigation showed hyperprolactinemia. The patient was diagnosed with a prolactinoma, and a frontal convexity meningioma was discovered on MRI. The prolactinoma controlled with Bromocriptine therapy, while the meningioma monitored through medical observation. After two months of pharmaceutical medication, her symptoms improved with the decrease in serum prolactin.Conclusion: Thanks to sophisticated MRI techniques, meningioma and prolactinoma were incidentally detected. It should be noted that co-morbidity of prolactinoma and meningioma is very rare. The mechanism of the association between these two familiar types of intracranial tumors has not yet been clarified, which indicates the need for further studies to offer possible targeted treatment for patients.Keyword: Meningiomas; Prolactinomas; Pituitary adenomas
Does your robot know? Enhancing children's information retrieval through spoken conversation with responsible robots
In this paper, we identify challenges in children's current information
retrieval process, and propose conversational robots as an opportunity to ease
this process in a responsible way. Tools children currently use in this
process, such as search engines on a computer or voice agents, do not always
meet their specific needs. The conversational robot we propose maintains
context, asks clarifying questions, and gives suggestions in order to better
meet children's needs. Since children are often too trusting of robots, we
propose to have the robot measure, monitor and adapt to the trust the child has
in the robot. This way, we hope to induce a critical attitude with the children
during their information retrieval process.Comment: IR4Children'21 workshop at SIGIR 2021 - http://www.fab4.science/IR4C
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