53 research outputs found

    Construction of the free energy landscape by the density functional theory

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    On the basis of the density functional theory, we give a clear definition of the free energy landscape. To show the usefulness of the definition, we construct the free energy landscape for rearrangement of atoms in an FCC crystal of hard spheres. In this description, the cooperatively rearranging region (CRR) is clealy related to the hard spheres involved in the saddle between two adjacent basins. A new concept of the simultaneously rearranging region (SRR) emerges naturally as spheres defined by the difference between two adjacent basins. We show that the SRR and the CRR can be determined explicitly from the free energylandscape.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phy

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    Not AvailableIn this study, positional variation in duration of seed dormancy was studied within and between panicle in a salt tolerant dormant variety Luna Sankhi.Within a panicle, seed sampled from upper portion exhibited higher dormancy duration both in first and second panicle (28 days and 25 days respectively) compared to lower portion. This variation in dormancy duration within a variety necessitates bulking of seed from the selected panicles to be preferred while sampling for evaluating seed dormancy.Not Availabl

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    Not AvailableSoils of Meghalya in the North Eastern region of India are characteristically acidic in nature. Specific information about the nature of soil acidity would help better management of these soils. The present work was undertaken with the aim to study the different type of acidity and their relationship with various physical and chemical properties of soils in Meghalaya. Soil samples were collected from four depth viz., 0-15, 15-30 , 30-45 and 45-60 cm and six locations having different land use and land form in the Umsning block of Ri-bhoi district, Meghalya. The geology of Meghalaya plateau comprises Precambrian gneissic complex intruded by granite plutons. Results indicated that about 7O%o of the samples were very strongly to strongly acid (pH 4.6 - 5.5), whereas the remaining soils were moderately acid (pH 5.6 - 6.0) in nature. Lower soil pH values obtained with 1 N KCI solution (ApH value ranged from -0.96 to -1.64) compared to the pH with water indicated the presence of considerable amount of exchangeable aluminum. Surface soils were more acidic as compared to sub-surface soils. Exchangeable Al3* content varied from 0.09 to 2.95 cmol (p+) kg-1. Acidity decreased in various landform in the orderNot Availabl

    Streptococcus pneumoniae: proteomics of surface proteins for vaccine development

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    ABSTRACTTwo formulations of pneumococcal vaccines are currently available to prevent invasive disease in adults and children. However, these vaccines will not protect against the majority of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes. The use of highly conserved cell-wall-associated proteins in vaccines may circumvent this problem. A proteomics approach was used to identify 270 S. pneumoniae cell-wall-associated proteins, which were then screened in a process that included in-silico, in-vitro and in-vivo validation criteria. Five potential candidates for inclusion in a vaccine were selected, expressed in Escherichia coli, and purified for use in immunisation experiments. These proteins were detected in at least 40 different serotypes of S. pneumoniae, and were expressed in S. pneumoniae isolates causing infection. Two of the five candidate proteins, the putative lipoate protein ligase (Lpl) and the ClpP protease, resulted in a reduced CFU titre and a trend towards reduced mortality in an animal sepsis model for investigating new S. pneumoniae protein vaccines
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