215 research outputs found
Methotrexate combined with omalizumab for difficult to treat urticaria:a further step-up treatment?
What do students know and understand about the Holocaust? Evidence from English secondary schools
This research report has been written under the auspices
of the University College London (UCL) Centre for
Holocaust Education. The Centre is part of the UCL
Institute of Education â currently the worldâs leading
university for education â and is comprised of a team
of researchers and educators from a variety of different
disciplinary fields. The Centre works in partnership with
the Pears Foundation who, together with the Department
for Education, have co-funded its operation since it was
first established in 2008.
A centrally important principle of all activity based at
the UCL Centre for Holocaust Education is that, wherever
possible, classroom practice should be informed by
academic scholarship and relevant empirical research.
In 2009, Centre staff published an extensive national
study of secondary school teachersâ experience of
and attitudes towards teaching about the Holocaust
(Pettigrew et al. 2009). This new report builds on that
earlier work by critically examining English school
studentsâ knowledge and understanding of this history.
In both cases, research findings have been â and will
continue to be â used to develop an innovative and
ground-breaking programme of continuing professional
development (CPD) for teachers and educational
resources that are uniquely responsive to clearly identified
classroom needs. The UCL Centre for Holocaust
Education is the only institution of its kind, both within
the United Kingdom and internationally, where pioneering
empirical research is placed at the heart of work to
support teachers and their students encountering this
profoundly important yet complex and challenging
subject in schools.
The Centre offers a wide-ranging educational
programme appropriate to teachers at all stages of their
careers through a carefully constructed âpathway of
professional developmentâ. This provides opportunities
for individuals to progressively deepen their knowledge
and improve their practice. It offers a national programme
of Initial Teacher Education in Holocaust education and a
variety of in-depth and subject-specific CPD. In addition,
the Centre also offers online distance learning facilities,
including a fully accredited taught Masters-level module
The Holocaust in the Curriculum. Through its Beacon
School programme, Centre staff work intensively
with up to 20 schools across England each year in order
to recognise and further develop exemplary
whole-school approaches and effective pedagogy.
All of the courses and classroom materials developed
by the UCL Centre for Holocaust Education are available
free of charge to teachers working in Englandâs statefunded
secondary schools. Further information can be
found at www.ioe.ac.uk/holocaust
Critical properties of -theory in Light-Cone Quantization
The dynamics of the phase transition of the continuum -theory in Light Cone Quantization is reexamined taking into account
fluctuations of the order parameter in the form of dynamical zero
mode operators (DZMO) which appear in a natural way via the Haag expansion of
the field of the interacting theory. The inclusion of the DZM-sector
changes significantly the value of the critical coupling, bringing it in
agreement within 2% with the most recent Monte-Carlo and high
temperature/strong coupling estimates. The critical slowing down of the DZMO
governs the low momentum behavior of the dispersion relation through invariance
of this DZMO under conformal transformations preserving the local light cone
structure. The critical exponent characterising the scaling behaviour at
comes out in agreement with the known value 0.25 of the Ising
universality class. is made of two contributions: one, analytic )
and another (25%) which can be evaluated only numerically with an estimated
error of 3%. The -function is then found from the non-perturbative
expression of the physical mass. It is non-analytic in the coupling constant
with a critical exponent . However, at D=2, is not
parametrisation independent with respect to the space of coupling constants due
to this strong non-analytic behaviour.Comment: Latex, 22 pages, 8 Postscript figures,Appendi
The challenge of enterprise/innovation: a case study of a modern university
In the prevailing economic and political climate for Higher Education a greater emphasis has been placed on diversifying the funding base. The present study was undertaken between 2012 and 2014 and addressed the implementation of an approach to the transformation of one academic school in a medium-sized modern university in Wales to a more engaged enterprise culture. A multimethod investigation included a bi-lingual (English and Welsh) online survey of academic staff and yielded a 71% response rate (n = 45). The findings informed a series of in-depth interviews (n = 24) with a representative sample of those involved in enterprise work (support staff, managers, senior managers), and those who were not. The results provided the platform for the âS4E modelâ for effective engagement with enterprise: (1) Strategic significance for Enterprise, (2) Support for Enterprise, (3) Synergy for Enterprise, and (4) Success for Enterprise. The outcomes of the research and the recommendations from it have potential to inform practice in other academic schools within the university and, in a wider context, within other Schools of Education regionally, nationally and internationally. Its original empirical exploration of enterprise within education studies is a significant contribution to that body of knowledge
Compactification near and on the light front
We address problems associated with compactification near and on the light
front. In perturbative scalar field theory we illustrate and clarify the
relationships among three approaches: (1) quantization on a space-like surface
close to a light front; (2) infinite momentum frame calculations; and (3)
quantization on the light front. Our examples emphasize the difference between
zero modes in space-like quantization and those in light front quantization. In
particular, in perturbative calculations of scalar field theory using
discretized light cone quantization there are well-known ``zero-mode induced''
interaction terms. However, we show that they decouple in the continuum limit
and covariant answers are reproduced. Thus compactification of a light-like
surface is feasible and defines a consistent field theory.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figure
Lipid Membranes in Poxvirus Replication
Poxviruses replicate in the cytoplasm, where they acquire multiple lipoprotein membranes. Although a proposal that the initial membrane arises de novo has not been substantiated, there is no accepted explanation for its formation from cellular membranes. A subsequent membrane-wrapping step involving modified trans-Golgi or endosomal cisternae results in a particle with three membranes. These wrapped virions traverse the cytoplasm on microtubules; the outermost membrane is lost during exocytosis, the middle one is lost just prior to cell entry, and the remaining membrane fuses with the cell to allow the virus core to enter the cytoplasm and initiate a new infection
Variety of transversus thoracis muscle in relation to the internal thoracic artery: an autopsy study of 120 subjects
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The transversus thoracis muscle is a thin muscular layer on the inner surface of the anterior thoracic wall that is always in concern during harvesting of the internal thoracic artery. Because the muscle is poorly described in the surgical literature, the aim of the present study is to examine in details its variations.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The data was obtained at standard autopsies of 120 Caucasian subjects (Bulgarians) of both sexes (97 males and 23 females), ranging in age from 18 to 91 years (mean age 52.8 ± 17.8 years). The transversus thoracis morphology was thoroughly examined on the inner surface of the chest plates collected after routine incisions.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An overall examination revealed that in majority of cases the transversus thoracis slips formed a complete muscular layer (left - 75.8%, right - 83.3%) or some of the slips (left - 22.5%, right - 15%) or all of them (left - 1.7%, right - 1.7%) were quite separated. Rarely (left - 3.3%, right - 5.8%), some fibrous slips of the transversus thoracis were noted. In 55.8% of the cases there was left/right muscle symmetry; 44.2% of the muscles were asymmetrical. Most commonly, the highest muscle attachment was to the second (left - 53.3%, right - 37.5%) or third rib (left - 29.2%, right - 46.7%). The sixth rib was the most common lowest attachment (left - 94.2%, right - 89.2%). Most frequently, the muscle was composed of four (left - 31.7%, right - 44.2%) or fifth slips (left - 53.3%, right - 40.8%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This study provides detailed basic information on the variety of the transversus thoracic muscle. It also defines the range of the clearly visible, uncovered by the muscle part of the internal thoracic artery and the completeness of the muscular layer over it. The knowledge of these peculiar muscle-arterial relations would definitely be beneficial to cardiac surgeon in performing fast and safe arterial harvesting.</p
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