ENHANCED SUPERCAPACITIVE PERFORMANCE OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Mn3O4 SYNTHESIZED BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD

Mn3O4 nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method at low temperatures. The processing conditions such as reaction temperature and time were optimized to synthesized phase pure nanocrystalline Mn3O4 with good electrochemical properties. The particles synthesized at a reaction temperature of 150°C for 12 h exhibited different characteristic peaks along with (211) predominant orientation which corresponds to tetragonal structure of Mn3O4 with space group I41/amd (141) and estimated crystallite size of 32 nm. The SEM analysis reveals that the octahedral shape of grains with an average grain size of 180 nm. The vibrational studies from Raman and FTIR measurements confirmed the microstructure and presence of Mn-O bonding. The conductivity of the product was increased with increasing temperature following the Arrhenius behavior with estimated activation energy of 0.37 eV. The supercapacitive performance of nanocrystalline Mn3O4 octahedrons in 1M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte exhibited a high specific capacitance of 348 Fg-1 at current density of 0.5 mAcm-2 and 70% capacitive retention even after 4000 cycles

L-Asparaginase a Biotherapeutic for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-A Molecular Perspective

L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amino hydrolase) is an enzyme which was clinically proved as an antitumor agent to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It catalyzes L-asparagine hydrolysis to L-aspartate and ammonia, and the depletion of asparagine causes cytotoxicity to leukemic cells. Microbial L-asparaginase (ASNase) production has attracted good attention regarding its cost effectiveness and ecofriendliness. The focus of this review is to provide a discussion regarding the microbial ASNase production, purification, its mechanism of action, sources, therapeutic side effects and focusing on the future prospects like protein engineering, recombinant microorganisms to develop a efficient therapeutics with significantly less side effects. This study is also focusing on the production of ASNases from new sources with improvement in the availability as a drug, and issues related to reducing the cost of the drug by improving the pharmacokinetics, pharmaco-dynamics and toxicological profiles in producing the ASNase enzyme.L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amino hydrolase) is an enzyme which was clinically proved as an antitumor agent to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It catalyzes L-asparagine hydrolysis to L-aspartate and ammonia, and the depletion of asparagine causes cytotoxicity to leukemic cells. Microbial L-asparaginase (ASNase) production has attracted good attention regarding its cost effectiveness and ecofriendliness. The focus of this review is to provide a discussion regarding the microbial ASNase production, purification, its mechanism of action, sources, therapeutic side effects and focusing on the future prospects like protein engineering, recombinant microorganisms to develop a efficient therapeutics with significantly less side effects. This study is also focusing on the production of ASNases from new sources with improvement in the availability as a drug, and issues related to reducing the cost of the drug by improving the pharmacokinetics, pharmaco-dynamics and toxicological profiles in producing the ASNase enzyme

Enhanced Sunlight-Powered Photocatalysis and Methanol Oxidation Activities of Co₃O₄-Embedded Polymeric Carbon Nitride Nanostructures

The contamination of water by organic substances poses a significant global challenge. To address these pressing environmental and energy concerns, this study emphasizes the importance of developing effective photocatalysts powered by sunlight. In this research, we achieved the successful synthesis of a novel photocatalyst comprised of polymeric carbon nitride (CN) nanosheets embedded with Co3O4 material, denoted as CN-CO. The synthesis process involved subjecting the mixture to 500 °C for 10 h in a muffle furnace. Structural and morphological analyses confirmed the formation of CN-CO nanostructures, which exhibited remarkable enhancements in photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue (MB) pollutants under replicated sunlight. After 90 min of exposure, the degradation rate reached an impressive 98.9%, surpassing the degradation rates of 62.3% for pure CN and 89.32% for pure Co3O4 during the same time period. This significant improvement can be attributed to the exceptional light captivation capabilities and efficient charge separation abilities of the CN-CO nanostructures. Furthermore, the CN-CO nanostructures demonstrated impressive photocurrent density-time (j-t) activity under sunlight, with a photocurrent density of 2.51 μA/cm2 at 0.5 V. The CN-CO nanostructure exhibited excellent methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activity with the highest current density of 83.71 mA/cm2 at an optimal 2 M methanol concentration, benefiting from the synergy effects of CN and CO in the nanostructure. Overall, this study presents a straightforward and effective method for producing CN-based photocatalysts decorated with semiconductor nanosized materials. The outcomes of this research shed light on the design of nanostructures for energy-related applications, while also providing insights into the development of efficient photocatalytic materials for addressing environmental challenges