Single Frame Image super Resolution using Learned Directionlets

In this paper, a new directionally adaptive, learning based, single image super resolution method using multiple direction wavelet transform, called Directionlets is presented. This method uses directionlets to effectively capture directional features and to extract edge information along different directions of a set of available high resolution images .This information is used as the training set for super resolving a low resolution input image and the Directionlet coefficients at finer scales of its high-resolution image are learned locally from this training set and the inverse Directionlet transform recovers the super-resolved high resolution image. The simulation results showed that the proposed approach outperforms standard interpolation techniques like Cubic spline interpolation as well as standard Wavelet-based learning, both visually and in terms of the mean squared error (mse) values. This method gives good result with aliased images also.Comment: 14 pages,6 figure

NAPROXEN INDUCED ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME-A RARE CASE REPORT

Erythema multiforme (EM) is a hypersensitivity reaction characterized by varying degrees of blisters and ulcerations. We report a case of 4 y old girl child born for Non-custodial parents who has a history of seizures and a known case of carbamazepine-induced SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) when treated with anti-inflammatory drugs developed EM. The offending drug was identified and withdrawn. Steroid was given as a part of symptomatic treatment. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly prescribed groups of drugs for a variety of indications. The patient gradually improved and got discharged

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on menarche among the pre adolescent girls in selected schools at Nagercoil, K.K. Dist with a view to develop a pamphlet

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding menarche among preadolescent girls in selected Schools at Nagercoil, was conducted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in Nursing, Christian College of Nursing, Neyyoor, which is affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai during the year April 2011. OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of knowledge regarding menarche before and after structured teaching programme among preadolescent girls. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding menarche among preadolescent girls.To associate the pretest knowledge score among preadolescent girls regarding menarche with selected demographic variables such as age, religion, education of mother, type of family, total family income. The study was based on J.W. Kenny’s open system model. The study was conducted in Stella’s Matriculation School, Anjukrammam at Kanyakumari District. The study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding menarche among pre adolescent girls. 60 pre adolescent girls were selected from Stella’s Matriculation School at Kanyakumari District for the study. The data collection tool was a structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge on menarche. The content validity of the tools was established by 5 experts in the field of Obstetric and Gynecology in Nursing. The reliability of the structured knowledge questionnaire was established by test retest method (r = 0.993). The instrument was found to be reliable. Pilot study was conducted to find out the feasibility of the study. Data obtained were analyzed by both descriptive and inferential statistics. FINDINGS OF THE STUDY The significant findings of the study were: i. There was a significant difference in mean post test knowledge score regarding menarche (t =25.974 * df 59, P<0.01). ii. There was a significant association between pretest knowledge score and education of the mother and there is no association between age, standard, religion, type of family and total family income. RECOMMANDATIONS Based on the findings of the study recommendations for future study were, 1. The study can be done with larger group of people. 2. Further studies can be conducted to develop menarche health education programme for all preadolescent girls in different schools in urban and in rural areas. 3. A comparative study can be carried out to ascertain the knowledge and attitude regarding menarche among preadolescent girls in rural and urban areas. 4. Comparative study can be done between effectiveness of self instructional module versus structured teaching programme. 5. A study can be made to compare the effectiveness of menarche health education programme with other methods of teaching (eg: films, video, tapes). 6. The structured teaching programme should be reviewed from time to time in order to incorporate the current trends in the field of menarche

Correlation analysis of lidar derived optical parameters for investigations on thin cirrus features at a tropical station Gadanki(13.5ºN and 79.2ºE), India

The optical characterization of thin cirrus clouds is very important to understand its radiative effects. The optical parameters of cirrus clouds namely extinction

Correlation analysis of lidar derived optical parameters for investigations on thin cirrus features at a tropical station Gadanki(13.5ºN and 79.2ºE), India

9-19The optical characterization of thin cirrus clouds is very important to understand its radiative effects. The optical parameters of cirrus clouds namely extinction (), Optical depth () and Linear depolarization ratio (LDR), have been derived from lidar data, obtained from a ground based polarization lidar at a tropical station, Gadanki (13.5ºN and 79.2ºE), India. The range dependent Lidar ratio (LR) has been derived by using an in-house developed iterative method. The present study makes an effort to understand the correlation between different optical parameters, and to get an insight in to the structure, composition and stability of the topical cirrus clouds. The variation of LR values with LDR gives an idea about the nature of aerosol content present within the cloud. It has been observed that there is a negative correlation between LDR and LR with a second degree polynomial fit for thin cirrus cloud conditions. The correlation between ice water content (IWC) derived directly from extinction value and LDR has been found to be positive and it has been used to establish cloud phase accurately instead of from the LDR value itself. From the time series observation it has been also found that the extinction and hence the IWC increases due to the growth of cirrus particle

Macro-physical, optical and radiative properties of tropical cirrus clouds and its temperature dependence at Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) observed by ground based lidar

The macro-physical and optical properties of cirrus clouds and its temperature dependencies have been investigated at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL; 13.5° N, 79.2° E), Gadanki, Andhra Pradesh, India; an inland tropical station during the period of observation January to December 2009 using a ground based pulsed monostatic lidar system data and radiosonde measurements. Based on the analysis of measurements the cirrus macrophysical properties such as occurrence height, mid cloud temperature, cloud geometrical thickness, and optical properties such as extinction coefficient, optical depth, depolarization ratio and lidar ratio have been determined. The variation of cirrus macrophysical and optical properties with mid cloud temperature have also been studied. The cirrus clouds mean height has been generally observed in the range of 9-17 km with a peak occurrence at 13-14 km. The cirrus mid cloud temperatures were in the range from -81 °C to -46 °C. The cirrus geometrical thickness ranges from 0.9-4.5 km and 56% of cirrus occurrences have thickness 1.0 -2.7 km. The monthly cirrus optical depth ranges from 0.01-0.47, but most (&gt;80%) of the cirrus have values less than 0.1. The monthly mean cirrus extinction ranges from 2.8E-06 to 8E-05 and depolarization ratio and lidar ratio varies from 0.13 to 0.77 and 2 to 52 respectively. The temperature and thickness dependencies on cirrus optical properties have also been studied. A maximum cirrus geometrical thickness of 4.5 km is found at temperatures around – 46 °C with an indication that optical depth increases with increasing thickness and mid cloud temperature. The cloud radiative properties such as outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) flux and cirrus IR forcing are studied. OLR flux during the cirrus occurrence days ranged from 348-456 W/m2 with a low value in the monsoon period. The cirrus IR forcing varied from 3.13 – 110.54 W/m2 and shows a peak at monsoon period

Cu(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) Complexes of 5-Bromosalicylaldehyde-4-hydroxybenzhydrazone: Synthesis and Spectral Studies

Four complexes of 5-bromosalicylaldehyde-4-hydroxybenzhydrazone were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, electronic, and infrared spectra.&nbsp; In all complexes, hydrazone exists either in the neutral form, deprotonated monoanionic form or in dideprononated dianionic form.&nbsp; Structures were assigned to all the complexes based on the physico-chemical studies

Deciduous Tundra Shrubs Shift Toward More Acquisitive Light Absorption Strategy Under Climate Change Treatments

The effects of climate change on plants are particularly pronounced in the Arctic region. Warming relaxes the temperature and nutrients boundaries that limit tundra plant growth. Increased resource availability under future climate conditions may induce a shift from a conservative economic strategy to an acquisitive one. Following the leaf economics spectrum that hypothesizes a strategy gradient between survival, plant size and costs for the photosynthetic leaf area, light absorption of tundra plants may increase. We investigated climate change effects on light absorptance and the relationship between light absorptance (fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, FAPAR) and structural and nutritional leaf traits, performing a soil warming and surface soil fertilization experiment on two deciduous tundra shrub species. Our results show that fertilization and warming combined increase light absorptance in Arctic shrubs and that FAPAR is correlated with leaf nutrients but not with structural leaf traits. This indicates an economic strategy shift of shrubs from conservative to acquisitive induced by warming and fertilization combined. We found species‐specific differences: FAPAR was influenced by warming alone in Betula nana but not in Salix pulchra, and FAPAR was correlated with leaf phosphorus in B. nana but not in S. pulchra. We attribute this to water limitation of B. nana that generally grows in drier areas within the study site compared to S. pulchra. We conclude that FAPAR is a measure that opens up more possibilities to estimate nutritional leaf traits and nutrient cycles, plant economic strategies, and ecological feedbacks of the tundra ecosystem on broader scales

Excitonic Transitions and Off-resonant Optical Limiting in CdS Quantum Dots Stabilized in a Synthetic Glue Matrix

Stable films containing CdS quantum dots of mean size 3.4 nm embedded in a solid host matrix are prepared using a room temperature chemical route of synthesis. CdS/synthetic glue nanocomposites are characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Significant blue shift from the bulk absorption edge is observed in optical absorption as well as photoacoustic spectra indicating strong quantum confinement. The exciton transitions are better resolved in photoacoustic spectroscopy compared to optical absorption spectroscopy. We assign the first four bands observed in photoacoustic spectroscopy to 1se–1sh, 1pe–1ph, 1de–1dhand 2pe–2phtransitions using a non interacting particle model. Nonlinear absorption studies are done using z-scan technique with nanosecond pulses in the off resonant regime. The origin of optical limiting is predominantly two photon absorption mechanism