Electronic reconstruction and enhanced superconductivity at La1.6−x_{1.6-x}Nd0.4_{0.4}Srx_{x}CuO4_{4}/La1.55_{1.55}Sr0.45_{0.45}CuO4_{4} bilayer interface

We report enhanced superconductivity in bilayer thin films consisting of superconducting La$_{1.6-x}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ with 0.06 $\leq x<$ 0.20 and metallic but non-superconducting La$_{1.55}$Sr$_{0.45}$CuO$_{4}$. These bilayers show a maximum increase in superconducting transition temperature ($T_c$) of more than 200% for $x$ = 0.06 while no change in $T_c$ is observed for the bilayers with $x\geq$ 0.20. The analysis of the critical current and kinetic inductance data suggests 2-3 unit cells thick interfacial layer electronically perturbed to have a higher $T_c$. A simple charge transfer model with cation intermixing explains the observed $T_c$ in bilayers. Still the unusually large thickness of interfacial superconducting layers can not be explained in terms of this model. We believe the stripe relaxation as well as the proximity effect also influence the superconductivity of the interface

Strain induced magnetic domain evolution and spin re-orientation transition in epitaxial manganite films

The evolution of magnetic domain structure in epitaxial La$_{0.625}$Ca$_{0.375}$MnO$_3$ films on (001) NdGaO$_3$ is monitored as a function of temperature and magnetic field using Magnetic Force Microscopy. We see two distinct regions of magnetic orientational order; one in-plane displaying contrast-less image and the other tilted away from the film plane forming a distinct stripe pattern. A strong domain splitting is observed at the boundary of two regions, which is resilient to reorientation with temperature and magnetic field. We propose a model magnetic free energy functional to explain the mechanism of domain splitting seen in manganite films

Effect of spacings and fertilizers on growth, yield and physical fruit quality of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars

The effect of spacings and fertilizers on growth, yield and fruit quality (physical) of chilli (Capsicum annuwn) cultivars was studied at Bikaner (Rajasthan, India). The cultivar Local Desi recorded significantly higher plant height, dry weight per plant, weight and volume per fruit. However, cultivar NP 46 prodnced maximum number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare. Application of 100 kg N in combination with 25 kg P and 50 kg K per ha recorded highest fruits per plant. Maximum plant height, fresh weight and dry weight per plant, number of fruits and yield of fruits per plant were recorded in the widest spacing (55 cm x 55 cm); closest spacing (25 cm x 25 cm) produced highest fruit yield per hectare. The quality offruits was affected by spacings. Interaction effect of spacings, fertilizers and cultivars was non significant to affect growth, yield and fruit quality attributes. &nbsp

Effect of spacings and fertilizers on growth, yield and physical fruit quality of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars

The effect of spacings and fertilizers on growth, yield and fruit quality (physical) of chilli (Capsicum annuwn) cultivars was studied at Bikaner (Rajasthan, India). The cultivar Local Desi recorded significantly higher plant height, dry weight per plant, weight and volume per fruit. However, cultivar NP 46 prodnced maximum number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare. Application of 100 kg N in combination with 25 kg P and 50 kg K per ha recorded highest fruits per plant. Maximum plant height, fresh weight and dry weight per plant, number of fruits and yield of fruits per plant were recorded in the widest spacing (55 cm x 55 cm); closest spacing (25 cm x 25 cm) produced highest fruit yield per hectare. The quality offruits was affected by spacings. Interaction effect of spacings, fertilizers and cultivars was non significant to affect growth, yield and fruit quality attributes. &nbsp

Magnetization dynamics in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 epitaxial films probed with resonant and non-resonant microwave absorption

Temperature (T) dependent microwave absorption measurements are performed on La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (LCMO) epitaxial thin films of thickness 100 and 200 nm in an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer operating in X-band. The resonant absorption peak is monitored for out-of-plane (H-perpendicular to) and in-plane (H-parallel to) dc magnetic field (H) as the system goes through magnetic ordering. These data suggest a resilient transformation to the ferromagnetic (FM) phase in the vicinity of the Curie temperature (T-C), indicative of a phase separation, which is dominant in the thinner film. The saturation magnetization is calculated from SQUID magnetometry on the same film. A pronounced zero-field absorption is seen in H-parallel to geometry displaying anomalous growth in 100 nm film at T < T-C. This feature is correlated with the magneto-conductivity of the manganite which is colossal in the vicinity of TC in the well-ordered film of thickness 200 nm. Signature of standing spin wave modes is seen in H-perpendicular to measurements which are analyzed to calculate the spin wave stiffness constant D(T) in the limit of zero temperature. The same is also inferred from the decay of equilibrium magnetization in the framework of Bloch law. These studies reveal that a bulk like LCMO is obtained in the fully relaxed thicker films