Dobzhansky, Th., Ayala, F.J., Stebbins, G.L. & Valentine, J.W. — Evolution. San Francisco, Freeman, 1977

Orsoni J.-P. G., Pasteur Georges. Dobzhansky, Th., Ayala, F.J., Stebbins, G.L. & Valentine, J.W. — Evolution. San Francisco, Freeman, 1977. In: La Terre et La Vie, Revue d'Histoire naturelle, tome 33, n°1, 1979. pp. 146-148

Over-Treated Corneal Abscess May Be Toxic Keratopathy

Background/Aims: Keratitis, especially when long-standing and unresponsive to common antimicrobial treatment, leads to a suspicion of fungal aetiology. Methods: Photographically documented case report. Results: A 65-year-old man with diabetes was referred for corneal abscess unresponsive to antibiotic and antifungal treatment lasting 6 weeks. Corneal biopsy was performed following a 72-hour washout for identification of bacteria and fungi. Previously administered drops were withdrawn and only preservative-free artificial tears were maintained. Neither bacteria nor fungi were cultured. After 2 weeks, the clinical situation had conspicuously improved. Conclusion: Over-treatment of corneal affections fearing mycosis may lead to toxic keratopathy

TOWARD A GLOBAL BUNDLE ADJUSTMENT OF SPOT 5 – HRS IMAGES

The HRS (High Resolution Stereoscopic) instrument carried on SPOT 5 enables quasi-simultaneous acquisition of stereoscopic images on wide segments – 120 km wide – with two forward and backward-looking telescopes observing the Earth with an angle of 20° ahead and behind the vertical. For 8 years IGN (Institut Géographique National) has been developing techniques to achieve spatiotriangulation of these images. During this time the capacities of bundle adjustment of SPOT 5 – HRS spatial images have largely improved. Today a global single block composed of about 20,000 images can be computed in reasonable calculation time. The progression was achieved step by step: first computed blocks were only composed of 40 images, then bigger blocks were computed. Finally only one global block is now computed. In the same time calculation tools have improved: for example the adjustment of 2,000 images of North Africa takes about 2 minutes whereas 8 hours were needed two years ago. To reach such a result a new independent software was developed to compute fast and efficient bundle adjustments. In the same time equipment – GCPs (Ground Control Points) and tie points – and techniques have also evolved over the last 10 years. Studies were made to get recommendations about the equipment in order to make an accurate single block. Tie points can now be quickly and automatically computed with SURF (Speeded Up Robust Features) techniques. Today the updated equipment is composed of about 500 GCPs and studies show that the ideal configuration is around 100 tie points by square degree. With such an equipment, the location of the global HRS block becomes a few meters accurate whereas non adjusted images are only 15 m accurate. This paper will describe the methods used in IGN Espace to compute a global single block composed of almost 20,000 HRS images, 500 GCPs and several million of tie points in reasonable calculation time. Many advantages can be found to use such a block. Because the global block is unique it becomes easier to manage the historic and the different evolutions of the computations (new images, new GCPs or tie points). The location is now unique and consequently coherent all around the world, avoiding steps and artifacts on the borders of DSMs (Digital Surface Models) and OrthoImages historically calculated from different blocks. No extrapolation far from GCPs in the limits of images is done anymore. Using the global block as a reference will allow new images from other sources to be easily located on this reference

Acute retinal necrosis in primary herpes simple type I infection

PURPOSE: to report the case of an immunocompetent child who developed severe ocular involvement in primary herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-I) infection. METHOD: (case report) an 8 year-old, HIV-negative child, was referred with ocular redness in his right eye preceded by influenza-like symptoms one week before. RESULTS: first examination revealed poor visual acuity, optic neuritis and peripheral exudative/haemorrhagic retinitis. He tested negative for herpes simplex type I and II. Three days later a granulomatous inflammation of the anterior chamber of the eye developed. Three consecutive serologies revealed a rising of IgM antibody titer in the serum to HSV type 1 (IgG antibody was still negative). Ocular herpes type I infection was confirmed by an anterior chamber tap by a positive polymerase chain reaction analysis of the aqueous humor. Visual acuity did not recover in spite of high dose of intravenous acyclovir therapy. CONCLUSION: presentation concerns a case of ARN syndrome in a child not previously immunized to HSV-1. Ocular inflammation appeared and increased along with the presence in the serum of specific antibody. The immune response of the host may significantly modulate the clinical aspect of an acute herpetic ocular infection. Central nervous system involvement in primary herpetic infection is an extremely rare complication. This child presented a primary acute retinal necrosis syndrome within 7 days following a primary herpes simplex type I infection