Crystal-Liquid Crystal Binary Phase Diagrams

We propose a new theoretical scheme for the binary phase diagrams of crystal-liquid crystal mixtures by a combination of a phase field model of solidification, the Flory-Huggins theory for liquid-liquid mixing and Maier-Saupe-McMillan (FH-MSM) model for nematic and smectic liquid crystal orderings. The phase field theory describes the crystal phase transition of anisotropic organic crystal and/or side chain liquid crystalline polymer crystals while the FH-MSM model explains isotropic, nematic and smectic-A phase transitions. Self-consistent calculations reveal several possible phase diagram topologies of the binary crystal-liquid crystal mixtures. The calculated phase diagrams were found to accord well to the reported experimental results. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics

A Review of Authentication Protocols

Authentication is a process that ensures and confirms a users identity. Authorization is the process of giving someone permissions to do or have something. There are different types of authentication methods such as local password authentication, server-based-password authentication, certificate-based authentication, two-factor authentication etc. Authentication protocol developed for Password Authentication Protocol (PAP), Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP), and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP). There are different types of application for authentications are as follows: 1.protocols developed for PPP Point-to-Point Protocol 2. Authentication, Authorization and Accounting 3.Kerberos

Rainfall Trend in Satara District of Maharashtra in India

In this paper the present study disclose the annual rainfall trend in Satara District of Maharashtra State during 2000 to 2022.The rainfall is one of the basic substantial parameter among the climate for the advancement of society is concern and it also determines the scarcity as well as the environmental factors for the particular region. We know that annual rainfall conditions vary from region to region. The average annual rainfall is the Satara district is 473 mm.</jats:p