Kinetics of thermo heterogeneous process under non-isothermal terms on the titanium carbide : a study on the different irradation conditions

Please read abstract in the article.http://jomardpublishing.com/journals.aspx?lang=en&id=13am2023Physic

Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna

W artykule przedstawiono spektroskopię anihilacji pozytonów, jako metodę dedykowaną do badań defektów struktury krystalicznej. Omówiono jej podstawy fizyczne i zaprezentowano technikę dopplerowskiego poszerzenia linii anihilacyjnej. Wskazano zakres stosowalności odnosząc się do najnowszych rozwiązań opartych na tzw. wiązkach powolnych pozytonów. Idea takiej wiązki, działającej w Laboratorium Problemów Jądrowych im. Dzhelepova w Zjednoczonym Instytucie Badań Jądrowych w Dubnej, została szerzej zaprezentowana. Przedstawiono zasadę działania oraz przykłady zastosowań z podstawami analizy otrzymywanych wyników.Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) as a method dedicated to study structural defects was presented. Physical basics of PAS and the Doppler broadening of annihilation line technique were discussed. Application range based on the newest technology, namely slow positron beams was presented. The idea of the beam, working at Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, along with the basic analysis of the results were described in details

GEANT4 simulation of implantation profiles for positrons injected in solids from radioactive sources 22Na and 68Ge/68Ga

We calculated theoretically the mass absorption coefficients for positrons emitted from the commonly used sources 22Na and 68Ge/68Ga in numerous materials. For this purpose, we used the tool kit GEANT4 which allows to generate the implantation profile. An excellent agreement between the experimental profile and the calculated one was achieved. The calculated values of the mass absorption coefficients coincide well with the experimental values determined by the DSIP method

Monte Carlo simulation of the positron implantation profiles in the layered samples

Theoretical studies of the positron implantation profiles in the layered samples are presented. Simulations performed using a GEANT4 tool kit revealed accumulation of positrons in denser layer embedded by less dens environment. This effect is significant for implantation profiles of slow positrons formed in a beam. Nevertheless, it is also present in conventional experiments, where positrons are emitted from radioactive nuclei. In some cases the diffusion process, which follows the implantation and thermalization processes, can smear this effect. However, defects on the interfaces or differences in the positron affinity can sustain it

The implantation profile of positrons emitted in beta plus decay of 48V in water

The experimental technique based on scanning of positron implantation profile, hereafter referred to as the DSIP is used for the determination of linear absorption coefficient for positrons emitted from a 48V source into water. This coefficient is equal to 1/(299š62) mi m–1. The determined value is in agreement with the one obtained from the computer simulations using the well known EGS nrc 4.0 and GEANT4 codes. The experimental technique was used for the determination of linear absorption coefficients for 48V positrons in materials of biological origin. The presented data can be useful for PET studies because of similarities of the 18F and 48V positron implantation profiles

Defect Range and Evolution in Swift Xe-Ion Irradiated Pure Silver Studied by Positron Annihilation Technique

Variable energy positron beam and positron lifetime spectroscopy were used to study pure silver samples exposed to irradiation with swift Xe²⁶⁺ ions of energy 167 MeV with different dose: of 10¹³, 5×10¹³ and 10¹⁴ ions/cm². The positron lifetime spectroscopy revealed the presence of dislocations or vacancies associated with dislocations. They are distributed at the depth of about 6 μm, and this correlates with the ion implantation range, i.e. 9 μm. However, some defects are observed also to a depth of about 18 μm. At the depth less than 1 μm from the entrance surface strong dependence of positron diffusion length on the dose is observed. It indicates the presence of interstitial atoms and/or dislocation loops as a result of Xe²⁶⁺ ions implantation

Estimate of the Crystallite Size for Nanocrystalline AISI 316L Stainless Steel and Armco Iron Processed by Hydrostatic Extrusion Using Variable Energy Positron Beam

The paper presents the results of research of nanocrystalline AISI 316L type stainless steel and nanocrystalline Armco pure iron processed by severe plastic deformation using hydrostatic extrusion method. Surface and subsurface of the steel samples extruded at different pressure were investigated using variable energy positron beam. It enabled us to determine the positron diffusion length and compare its values with those for annealed AISI 304 stainless steel. Furthermore positron lifetime and microhardness were measured for all the samples and X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the crystallite size