Contrasting carbonate depositional systems for Pliocene cool-water limestones cropping out in central Hawke's Bay, New Zealand

Pliocene limestone formations in central Hawke's Bay (eastern North Island, New Zealand) accumulated on and near the margins of a narrow forearc basin seaway within the convergent Australia/Pacific plate boundary zone. The active tectonic setting and varied paleogeographic features of the limestone units investigated, in association with probable glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations, resulted in complex stratigraphic architectures and contrasting types of carbonate accumulation on either side of the seaway. Here, we recognise recurring patterns of sedimentary facies, and sequences and systems tracts bounded by key physical surfaces within the limestone sheets. The facies types range from Bioclastic (B) to Siliciclastic (S) end-members via Mixed (M) carbonate-siliciclastic deposits. Skeletal components are typical cool-water associations dominated by epifaunal calcitic bivalves, bryozoans, and especially barnacles. Siliciclastic contents vary from one formation to another, and highlight siliciclastic-rich limestone units in the western ranges versus siliciclastic-poor limestone units in the eastern coastal hills. Heterogeneities in facies types, stratal patterns, and also in diagenetic pathways between eastern and western limestone units are considered to originate in the coeval occurrence in different parts of the forearc basin of two main morphodynamic carbonate systems over time

FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY OF THE TiO PHI SYSTEM

Author Institution: Department of Physics, University of CaliforniaHigh resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy has been used to study the molecular emission spectrum of titanium oxide and zirconium oxide. The entire region from 3 microns to 4000 Angstroms has been covered for both molecules at a resolution of 780 000. Special attention has been given to the little studied infrared regions of the spectrum. The source was a low pressure microwave discharge sustained in a flowing mixture of the chloride plus oxygen in helium. A new spectrometer, built by Dr. James Brault at Kitt Peak National Observatory, was used to produce the spectra. Based on these data, the TiO phi system has been identified. Approximately 3000 lines from 25 bands of this system have been identified. All five 0-0 bands corresponding to the five natural titanium isotopes have been found. Six lower and five upper vibrational levels have been observed and all bands have been rotationally analysed as far as possible. Band intensities have been checked and are in good agreement with predicted Frank-Condon factors and known isotope abundances. The source has a rotational temperature of $845^{\circ}$ C and an effective vibrational temperature of $2600^{\circ}$ C. Numerous other unidentified and unanalyzed molecular bands have been observed