Labelling and Content Evaluation of Commercial Veterinary Probiotics

The aim of our study was to evaluate the contents and labelling of five commercial probiotics marketed for veterinary administration. The information on the product was obtained from the inserted leaflet or the data on the package. Quantitative bacteriological culture was performed in all products, and isolates were identified via biochemical characteristics. Comparison of actual contents versus label claims was performed. Four products correctly provided information on expiry dates, species and quantity of bacteria per gram or kilogram of product. In one product, there was no probiotic species mentioned in the Czech text on the package. Culture examinations of all the three products containing Enterococcus faecium resulted in finding the declared quantity of bacteria. They also contained Lactobacillus sp. not mentioned in the leaflet. Culturing the mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus paracasei, we found only Bacillus subtilis in a quantity by one order lower than declared. In an incorrectly labelled product, Lactobacillus sp. was found instead of yeast species. Most commercial veterinary probiotic preparations are not accurately represented by label claims

Skin, paper, tiles: a cross-cultural history of Kadiwéu art

This article focuses on the global traffic in images relating to Kadiwéu culture in South America, analyzing the extent to which they are entangled in the group’s continuing sense of presence. It begins with Kadiwéu designs as they appeared in the sketchbook of the artist-explorer Guido Boggiani in the late nineteenth century. It then explores the mapping of Kadiwéu territory and the practices and protocols informing a politics of land rights, cultural property and economic survival, looking in particular at the commissioning of Kadiwéu designs for a housing estate and an associated exhibition in Berlin early in the twentieth-first century. By developing a cross-cultural history of Kadiwéu art that considers the transnational networks across different times and spaces, including the case of a transcultural history of copyright, the article seeks to contribute to the ongoing re-thinking of the colonial archive and its afterlife

An Event-Driven Net Based Simulation Methodology within a Knowledge-Based Framework

This paper presents a unified approach to the modelling and simulation of parallel real-time systems using event-driven nets. A new paradigm of the modelling and simulation based on the utilization of knowledge-based systems is introduced. The simulation process is analyzed and the steps in simulation model design and evaluation, where knowledge-based systems can be successfully used, are indicated. The problem of required knowledge representation is also elaborated. To highlight the facilities of the proposed approach, a model of a small production cell is studied

Application of the New Synthetic Substrates Nα-Tosyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide and Nα-Benzyloxy-carbonyl-L-arginine-p-nitroanilide in the Determination of Trypsin Activity in the Duodenal Contents

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