Investigation of p53 codon72 polymorphism in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) specimens and normal population by PCR

"nBackground and Aim: A single nucleotide polymorphism at codon 72 of the p53 gene alters the p53 protein structure and affects its activity. This polymorphism depends on geographic regions and race. Also its association with some cancers has been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate this polymorphism in well differentiated oral SCC and normal population in the city of Isfahan. "nMaterials and Methods: In this case-control study, 20 paraffin blocks of non metastatic and well differentiated oral SCC were selected from the archive of oral pathology department of dental school between 2001 and 2005. 20 whole blood samples from normal people were considered as control group. After DNA extraction, p53 codon 72 polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using specific primers of Arg and Pro and agarose gel electrophoresis. Data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test with p<0.05 as the level of significance. "nResults: The prevalence of Arg/Arg , Arg/Pro and Pro/Pro genotypes in case group were 45%,45% and 10% respectively compared to 45%,50% and 5% in controls. There was no statistical significant difference in p53 codon 72 genotypes distribution between case and control groups. "nConclusion: Based on the results of this study, p53 polymorphism could not be considered as a genetic predisposing factor for oral SCC development in Isfahan

Rearrangement Method of Reducing Fault Location Error in Tied Uncompleted Parallel Lines

In Tied Uncompleted Parallel (TUP) line, locating faults via single-ended fault location algorithm leads to a considerable final error yielding unacceptable outage time. On the other hand, utilizing modern techniques such as Two-ended Protection method, in these temporarily transmission lines are not economically justified. This paper proposes a rearrangement method of tied uncompleted transmission lines to improve the protection coordination and fault location via single ended fault location. This novel method aims to reduce the error of fault location in the line without imposing an unnecessary financial burden or installing new devices. The proposed technique can locate a fault online, resulting less outage time and more reliability of the network. The simulation results, as well as those of field test, indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method in locating fault according to different constraints such as the protection coordination. This method has already been implemented in the Fars-Iran power system since 2018, and it has yielded outstanding results in practice. The technique is easy to execute and considerably reduces the fault location error and the outage time. Having derived the factors of fault location error, the rearrangement technique suggests a new arrangement based on the fault location error factor reduction. In this paper, it is approved that the proposed algorithm can effectively locate faults in uncompleted transmission lines via simulation results as well as practical experience

The impact of green space structure on physiological equivalent temperature index in open space

Planting vegetation in urban areas can tilt the heat balance in favor of cooler temperatures. For this reason, studying the extension and intensity of the cooling effect of vegetation and the factors which can influence these two parameters is significant in open space design. In this regard, the purpose of the present study was to analyze the different thermal behaviors of green spaces at the micro scale and explain the reason of different extensions and intensities of the cooling effect in spaces which have vegetation. The region of Sistan (Zabol), situated east of Iran, was selected as the study area. Data analysis and study of the parameters affecting physiological equivalent temperature index indicated that the highest impact of green space on this index is related to air temperature and mean radiant temperature among all microclimatic parameters. It was revealed that in stations with vegetation, mean air temperature was lower by 1 °C, mean radiant temperature was lower by 6 °C and PET index was lower by 7 °C in comparison to stations without any vegetation. Analysis of the relation between PET and spatial variables which form the structure of green space, indicated that flooring type has a significant relation with physiological equivalent temperature