The Optical Instrumentation of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter

The purpose of this Note is to describe the optical assembly procedure called here Optical Instrumentation and the quality tests conducted on the assembled units. Altogether, 65 Barrel (or LB) modules were constructed - including one spare - together with 129 Extended Barrel (EB) modules (including one spare). The LB modules were mechanically assembled at JINR (Dubna, Russia) and transported to CERN, where the optical instrumentation was performed with personnel contributed by several Institutes. The modules composing one of the two Extended Barrels (known as EBA) were mechanically assembled in the USA, and instrumented in two US locations (ANL, U. of Michigan), while the modules of the other Extended barrel (EBC) were assembled in Spain and instrumented at IFAE (Barcelona). Each of the EB modules includes a subassembly known as ITC that contributes to the hermeticity of the calorimeter; all ITCs were assembled at UTA (Texas), and mounted onto the module mechanical structures at the EB mechanical assembly locations.The Tile Calorimeter, covering the central region of the ATLAS experiment up to pseudorapidities of ±1.7, is a sampling device built with scintillating tiles that alternate with iron plates. The light is collected in wave-length shifting (WLS) fibers and is read out with photomultipliers. In the characteristic geometry of this calorimeter the tiles lie in planes perpendicular to the beams, resulting in a very simple and modular mechanical and optical layout. This paper focuses on the procedures applied in the optical instrumentation of the calorimeter, which involved the assembly of about 460,000 scintillator tiles and 550,000 WLS fibers. The outcome is a hadronic calorimeter that meets the ATLAS performance requirements, as shown in this paper

Proposed methodology on seismic risk assessment of movable and non-fixed equipment inside a medical facility: A case study: San Juan De Dios Hospital

Metro Manila is exposed to the Marikina Fault Valley system. The East and West Valley Faults, according to PHILVOCS, can generate earthquakes of magnitudes 6.2 to 7.2, respectively. According to recent studies, the effects of the ensuing ground motion can be disastrous. Thousands of people could die with damage to properties estimated to reach 1.8 to 2.3 trillion pesos. In a post-earthquake scenario, affected people depend on the quick recovery of lifetime systems such as hospitals and its supporting facilities. In order to ensure the functionality, resilience and serviceability of a medical facility after a large magnitude earthquake, assessment of the structural, non-structural, supporting facilities as well as non-fixed and movable equipment within the facility is necessary. In this regard, this research focuses on assessing the seismic risk of non-fixed and movable equipment inside the emergency room (ER), intensive care unit (ICU) and wards of the San Juan de Dios Educational Foundation, Inc. Hospital (SJDEFI). The primary motivation for this endeavor is that SJDEFI is a medical facility which is highly vulnerable considering it is one of the oldest hospitals in the country being constructed in 1578. The results of the probability of seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) revealed the following ground accelerations at the hospital site: (a) 10% probalility of exceedance in 50 years (MRI = 475 years) equal to 0.527g and, (b) 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years (MRI = 2,475 years) equal to 0.564g. After subjecting it to constant acceleration, the equipment\u27s potential to overturn depends on the slenderness of the equipment since slender blocks has the potential to topple at lower accelerations. Rooms that are subjected to constant acceleration will experience significant damage when subjected to 0.5g to 0.6g acceleration and will be extensively damage at magnitudes of 0.8g or higher

A dose response study of the effect of flutamide on benign prostatic hyperplasia; results of a multicenter study

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