Zinc Adsorption by a Lateritic Soil in the Presence of Organic Ligands

Zinc adsorption by a lateritic podzolic soil was measured in the presence of 0 to 3 mmol/litre of acetate, oxalate, citrate, tricarballylate, salicylate, or catechol, or 0 to 3 mmolc/litre of humate. Zinc remaining in solution was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry after shaking the soil for 17 h at a soil/liquid ratio of 1:5 in a 0.003 mol/litre KCl solution containing 0 to 500 μmol/litre Zn and the ligands. In the absence of organic ligands, more than 95% of the zinc was adsorbed. The amount of adsorption was linearly correlated with pH and the concentration of ZnOH+ in solution after shaking (r² = 0.98). Zinc adsorption and pH decreased in the presence of each of the ligands except catechol. Seventy four percent of the variation in adsorption was accounted for by the combined effects of the concentration of zinc-ligand complex (Zn-L) and the concentration of ZnOH+ that were present in solution after adsorption. However, other factors such as changes in the number of sites available for adsorption, the point of zero salt effect of the soil, and the change of zinc species also contributed to the magnitude of zinc adsorption

Zinc Adsorption by Sterilized and Non-Sterilized Soil in the Presence of Citrate and Catechol

The effect of organic ligands on zinc (Zn) adsorption in the rhizosphere may be influenced by microbial activity depleting the concentration of the ligand over time. Zinc adsorption by sterile and non-sterile lateritic soil was measured by shaking the soils with Zn solutions at a soil-liquid ratio of 1: 5 for five periods of time ranging from 17-480 h. The concentrations of Zn and the ligands were determined after the selected times. The speciation of Zn was then estimated. Changes in Zn adsorption with time in the presence of organic ligands were due to changes in pH and Zn complexation associated with the addition and breakdown of the organic ligands and with the technique of sterilization. Zinc adsorption was higher in non-sterile than in sterile soil. Adsorption in the presence of citrate was lower than in its absence except in non-sterile soil after 72 h. The adsorption in the presence of catechol was similar to that in its absence

Yield and postharvest quality of winter growing crisphead lettuce as affected by doses of nitrogen and molybdenum Rendimento e qualidade pós-colheita de alface americana em função de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio

The trial was carried out at Três Pontas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, from April to July 2003, to evaluate the influence of nitrogen and molybdenum rates on productive characteristics and postharvest quality of crisphead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Treatments were a factorial combination of four nitrogen rates (0.0; 60.0; 120.0 and 180.0 kg ha-1) applied in additional the dose commonly used by growers (60 kg ha-1 of N) and five foliar molybdenum rates (0.0; 35.1; 70.2; 105.3 and 140.4 g ha-1). The total and commercial fresh weight and head circumference showed significant effects for doses of nitrogen and of molybdenum, as well as for their interaction. No significant effects of the treatments for stem length were observed. There was a linear effect of N and Mo doses for postharvest conservation at 28 days, and the rate of 150.0 kg ha-1 of N showed the best conservation at 35 days after the harvest. The percentage of dry matter showed quadratic effects, and the doses of 95.9 kg ha-1 of N and 75.3 kg ha-1 of Mo showed the highest return.<br>O trabalho foi conduzido no município de Três Pontas, Sul de Minas Gerais, de abril a julho de 2003, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio nas características produtivas e qualidade pós-colheita da alface tipo americana (Lactuca sativa L.). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 4x5, compreendendo quatro doses de nitrogênio em cobertura adicionais à dose aplicada pelo produtor de 60 kg/ha de N (0; 60; 120 e 180 kg ha-1) e cinco doses de molibdênio via foliar (0,0; 35,1; 70,2; 105,3 e 140,4 g ha-1) com três repetições. As massas fresca total e comercial e a circunferência da cabeça evidenciaram efeitos significativos para doses de nitrogênio em cobertura e de molibdênio, assim como para sua interação. Não se observou efeito significativo dos tratamentos para comprimento do caule. Houve uma resposta linear para doses de N e Mo para conservação pós-colheita aos 28 dias, sendo que a dose de 150,0 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura promoveu a melhor conservação aos 35 dias após a colheita. A dose de 95,9 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura e a dose 75,3 kg ha-1 de Mo propiciariam o maior retorno em termos de percentagem de massa seca

Rendimento e teores de macronutrientes em alface americana em função de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio Nitrogen and molybdenum rates on the yield and macronutrients content in crisphead lettuce

O trabalho foi conduzido no município de Três Pontas, sul de Minas Gerais, de abril a julho de 2003, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio no rendimento e teor de macronutrientes da alface americana. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 4 x 5, compreendendo quatro doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1) e cinco doses de molibdênio via foliar (0,0; 35,1; 70,2; 105,3 e 140,4 g ha-1) e três repetições. A massa fresca evidenciou efeitos significativos para doses de nitrogênio e de molibdênio, assim como para sua interação, enquanto os teores de nitrogênio e magnésio agiram de forma independente. Os teores de potássio reduziram-se com o aumento das doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio, sendo que para a maior dose de molibdênio (140,4 kg ha-1), estabeleceu-se um efeito quadrático no qual a dose de 76,1 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio em cobertura propiciou o maior teor de potássio. Para os teores de fósforo, cálcio e enxofre verificaram-se efeito significativo da interação N x Mo, cujas concentrações na parte aérea aumentaram com as doses de nitrogênio e molibdênio.<br>The trial was carried out at Três Pontas, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, from April to July 2003, to evaluate the influence of nitrogen and molybdenum rates on yield and macronutrients uptake of crisphead lettuce. A randomized complete blocks design with three replications was used. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of four top dressing nitrogen levels (0.0; 60.0; 120.0 and 180.0 kg ha-1) and five foliar molybdenum levels (0.0, 35.1; 70.2; 105.3 and 140.4 g ha-1). The marketable fresh mass showed significant effect for levels of nitrogen and of molybdenum, as well as for their interaction, while the content of nitrogen and magnesium acted independently. The levels of potassium were reduced with the increase of the doses of nitrogen and molybdenum, and for the highest level of molybdenum (140.4 g ha-1) occurred a quadratic effect in which the dose of 76.1 kg ha-1 of N in top dressing showed the highest level of potassium. For the content of P, Ca and S a significant effect from the interaction N x K was verified, which had their content increased in the plant tops with the levels of nitrogen and molybdenum