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Amino acids composition and oxygen isotopes in the Shisr 033 CR chondrite
Public policies and food security and family farming networks: contributions to the construction of effectiveness indicators.
This work presents a methodology for investigating the performance of public politics regarding food security networks formed in Brazilian municipalities aimed at increasing income and employment in familiar farming. These programs need to further develop the methodologies used for studying their efficiency so that they can reach a new stage in the improvement and use of management tools thereby achieving beteer results of social inclusion and/or food security. This paper constitutes a first effort to bring together indicators for the evaluation of the efficiency of public politicies
On the relation between the propagators of dual theories
In this paper, we show that the propagator of the dual of a general
Proca-like theory, derived from the gauging iterative Noether Dualization
Method, can be written by means of a simple relation between known propagators.
This result is also a demonstration that the Lagrangian obtained by dualization
describes the same physical particles as the ones present in the original
theory at the expense of introducing new non-physical (ghosts) excitations.Comment: latex, 4 page
String Entanglement and D-branes as Pure States
We study the entanglement of closed strings degrees of freedom in order to
investigate the microscopic structure and statistics of objects as D-branes. By
considering the macroscopic pure state (MPS) limit, whenever the entanglement
entropy goes to zero (in such a way that the macroscopic properties of the
state are preserved), we show that boundary states may be recovered in this
limit and, furthermore, the description through closed string (perturbative)
degrees of freedom collapses. We also show how the thermal properties of branes
and closed strings could be described by this model, and it requires that
dissipative effects be taken into account. Extensions of the MPS analysis to
more general systems at finite temperature are finally emphasized.Comment: 14 pages. Minor improvements. Published in Phys. Rev.
Myeloid derived suppressor cells in multiple myeloma: Preclinical research and translational opportunities
Immunosuppressive cells have been reported to play an important role in tumor progression mainly because of their capability to promote immuneescape, angiogenesis and metastasis. Among them, myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have been recently identified as immature myeloid cells, induced by tumor-associated inflammation, able to impair both innate and adaptive immunity. While murine MDSCs are usually identified by the expression of CD11b and Gr-1, human MDSCs represent a more heterogeneous population characterized by the expression of CD33 and CD11b, low or no HLA-DR and variable CD14 and CD15. In particular, the last two may alternatively identify monocyte-like or granulocyte-like MDSC subsets with different immunosuppressive properties. Recently, a substantial increase of MDSCs has been found in peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with a role in disease progression and/or drug resistance. Preclinical models recapitulating the complexity of the MM-related BM microenvironment (BMM) are major tools for the study of the interactions between MM cells and cells of the BMM (including MDSCs) and for the development of new agents targeting MM-associated immune suppressive cells. This review will focus on current strategies for human MDSCs generation and investigation of their immunosuppressive function in vitro and in vivo, taking into account the relevant relationship occurring within the MM-BMM. We will then provide trends in MDSC-associated research and suggest potential application for the treatment of MM
Analytical Modeling of a New Compliant Microsystem for Atherectomy Operations
This work offers a new alternative tool for atherectomy operations, with the purpose of minimizing the risks for the patients and maximizing the number of clinical cases for which the system can be used, thanks to the possibility of scaling its size down to lumen reduced to a few tenths
of mm. The development of this microsystem has presented a certain theoretical work during the kinematic synthesis and the design stages. In the first stage a new multi-loop mechanism with a
Stephenson’s kinematic chain (KC) was found and then adopted as the so-called pseudo-rigid body mechanism (PRBM). Analytical modeling was necessary to verify the synthesis requirements. In
the second stage, the joint replacement method was applied to the PRBM to obtain a corresponding and equivalent compliant mechanism with lumped compliance. The latter presents two loops and
six elastic joints and so the evaluation of the microsystem mechanical advantage (MA) had to be calculated by taking into account the accumulation of elastic energy in the elastic joints. Hence, a new
closed form expression of the microsystem MA was found with a method that presents some new aspects in the approach. The results obtained with Finite Element Analysis (FEA) were compared to
those obtained with the analytical model. Finally, it is worth noting that a microsystem prototype can
be fabricated by using MEMS Technology classical methods, while the microsystem packaging could be a further development for the present investigation
Mirror symmetry breaking as a problem in dynamical critical phenomena
The critical properties of the Frank model of spontaneous chiral synthesis
are discussed by applying results from the field theoretic renormalization
group (RG). The long time and long wavelength features of this microscopic
reaction scheme belong to the same universality class as multi-colored directed
percolation processes. Thus, the following RG fixed points (FP) govern the
critical dynamics of the Frank model for d<4: one unstable FP that corresponds
to complete decoupling between the two enantiomers, a saddle-point that
corresponds to symmetric interspecies coupling, and two stable FPs that
individually correspond to unidirectional couplings between the two chiral
molecules. These latter two FPs are associated with the breakdown of mirror or
chiral symmetry. In this simplified model of molecular synthesis, homochirality
is a natural consequence of the intrinsic reaction noise in the critical
regime, which corresponds to extremely dilute chemical systems.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
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