ANTIDIABETIC EFFECT AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF POLYALTHIA CERASOIDES STEM BARK IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC ALBINO RATS

Objective: Polyalthia cerasoides stem bark is used in treatment the of various diseases. Some tribes of North Orissa used the stem bark in the treatment of diabetes. We investigated the effect of four different solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous) extracts of Polyalthia cerasoides stem bark on streptozotocintozocin (STZ) 45 mg/kg b. wt. induced diabetic rats.Methods: Normal control and diabetic control groups were allowed with free access to water throughout the experiment. Oral administration of four different solvent (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extracts of P. cerasoides stem bark to 12 hrs fasted normal and STZ induced diabetic rats at a dose of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg b. wt for acute studies. (Determination of effective extract and dose:  Each group was maintained with six rats)The fasting blood glucose FBG levels were checked for every 2 hrs (1h, 3h, 5h & 7h). Chronic study:  (Each group was maintained with six rats)The normal and diabetic groups were supplemented with optimum dosage 400mg ethanol extract of P. cerasoides (PcEE) stem bark and 20 mg of glibinclamide (Glb) a standard drug treated diabetic group for 21 days.Results: Acute administration of P. cerasoides stem bark reduced FBG[A1]  levels in ethanol extract atthe dosee 400 and 600 mg/ kg b. wt (48.5% and 32.4%, P<0.05) in the diabetic rats only. It does not affect the normal FBG levels in normal rats. In chronic treatment significant reduction in FBG levels in diabetic rats (51.6%). Body weight also increased in extract treated animals. The maximal antidiabetic effect was obtained in 400 mg PcEE[A2]  which was similar to Glb treated group. The PcEE treated diabetic rats also confirmed the significant recovery of liver and kidney destruction.Conclusion: Our study has revealed the therapeutic effect of PcEE for diabetes and its related complications.Â

The Role of Human Resources Management in Present Scenario

 Human Resource Development is the term used to describe the process of developing human resources. Human Resource Management is a philosophy, whereas Human Resource Development refers to the activities and processes that promote the intellectual, moral, psychological, cultural, social, and economic development of individuals in organizations in order to help them reach their full human potential as community resources. It is a constant process in which personnel are aided in developing their abilities in a systematic manner. Human Resources Management is responsible for maximizing efficiency and profit, but in the new environment, the function of HRM is changing Because of developments in government policies, unions, labour laws, and technology, the role of HR managers is fast evolving. Organizational trends, human resource planning, job design, motivation, recruitment, skill development, and employee interactions have all been observed. Human Resource Management may effectively address the difficulties if correct solutions are used. As a result of the changing environment, Human Resources Management will play a larger role in the future. This study aims to explain the current state of human resource management.  &nbsp

Study of serum lipid profile and magnesium in preeclampsia

Background: A comparative study of serum lipid profile and magnesium levels in normal pregnancy versus preeclampsia (PE).Methods: A prospective study done for 2 years (October 2014 to October 2016) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana medical college and hospital, a tertiary care centre, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. A sample size of 200 pregnant women, recruited and divided into group A and B. group A being women with PE and group B is normal pregnant women.A10ml of venous blood was collected in the fasting state and serum collected from clotted blood to measure lipid profile, magnesium, Apo lipoprotein A-I and Apo lipoprotein B 100.Serum Lipid profile  measured by enzymatic method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum magnesium measured by dye binding method using commercially available kit Human (GmbH Germany) using Humastar 600 chemistry analyzer (Human GmbH Germany). Serum ApoA-I and ApoB were measured by immune-turbidometry using commercial kits from Spinreact Spain. Urine albumin done by dipstick method.Results: Serum total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), Apo lipoprotein B 100 (Apo B100) were high and serum Magnesium, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and Apo lipoprotein A1(Apo A1) were low in the study group (group A) compared to controls (group B).Conclusions: Abnormal lipid profile (low HDL and increased TG concentration) and serum hypomagnesaemia may be contributing etiologies of preeclampsia, having good predictive value as a screening procedure for PE in high risk pregnant population

Estimation of properties of low-lying excited states of Hubbard models : a multi-configurational symmetrized projector quantum Monte Carlo approach

We present in detail the recently developed multi-configurational symmetrized projector quantum Monte Carlo (MSPQMC) method for excited states of the Hubbard model. We describe the implementation of the Monte Carlo method for a multi-configurational trial wavefunction. We give a detailed discussion of issues related to the symmetry of the projection procedure which validates our Monte Carlo procedure for excited states and leads naturally to the idea of symmetrized sampling for correlation functions, developed earlier in the context of ground state simulations. It also leads to three possible averaging schemes. We have analyzed the errors incurred in these various averaging procedures and discuss and detail the preferred averaging procedure for correlations that do not have the full symmetry of the Hamiltonian. We study the energies and correlation functions of the low-lying excited states of the half-filled Hubbard model in 1-D. We have used this technique to study the pair-binding energies of two holes in $4n$ and $4n+2$ systems, which compare well the Bethe ansatz data of Fye, Martins and Scalettar. We have also studied small clusters amenable to exact diagonalization studies in 2-D and have reproduced their energies and correlation functions by the MSPQMC method. We identify two ways in which a multiconfigurational trial wavefunction can lead to a negative sign problem. We observe that this effect is not severe in 1-D and tends to vanish with increasing system size. We also note that this does not enhance the severity of the sign problem in two dimensions.Comment: 29 pages, 2 figures available on request, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Avascular necrosis of femoral head - An Ayurvedic view

Avascular necrosis of the bone is the death of osteocytes due to an impaired blood supply. It usually affects people between 30 and 50 years of age. Avascular necrosis is associated with long-term use of high dose steroid medications and excessive alcohol intake. It will be asymptomatic in the early stages, as the condition progress, there will be gradual increase of pain resulting in major morbidity. In Ayurveda, the Lakshanas of Gambheera Vatarakta can be co-related to the features of AVN. The possible treatment in modern include NSAIDS, core decompression, Bone transplant (grafting) and total joint replacement surgery which have their own complications and adverse effects. Hence, an attempt is made to understand AVN of femoral head as Gambheera Vatarakta in Ayurveda and its management is discussed

Optical Photometry of the GRB 010222 Afterglow

The optical afterglow of GRB 010222 was observed using the recently installed 2-m telescope at the Indian Astronomical Observatory, Hanle, and the telescopes at the Vainu Bappu Observatory, Kavalur, beginning ~ 0.6 day after the detection of the event. The results based on these photometric observations combined with others reported in the literature are presented in this paper. The R band light curve shows an initial decline of intensities proportional to t^{-0.542} which steepens, after 10.3 hours, to t^{-1.263}. Following the model of collimated outflow, the early break in the light curve implies a very narrow beam angle (~ 2-3 deg). The two decay rates are consistent with the standard jet model in a uniform density ambient medium, but require a hard spectrum of electron power density with p ~ 1.5. The R band light between 14 and 17 hours since outburst departs from the power law fit by 0.1 mag and shows some evidence for fluctuations over timescales of an hour in the observer's frame. Such deviations are expected due to density inhomogeneities if the ambient medium is similar to the local interstellar medium. GRB 010222 is thus an example of a highly collimated outflow with a hard spectrum of electron energy distribution in normal interstellar environment.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, including 2 postscript figures, to appear in the Bull. astro. Soc. India, September 2001 issu

UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SOLIFENACIN SUCCINATE IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop a simple and cheap UV spectrophotometric method for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate (5mg) in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines. Methods: The optimized method uses a solvent 100% triethylammonium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) for the estimation of assay of Solifenacin succinate in tablets at a detection wavelength of 215 nm. Results: The developed method resulted in Solifenacin succinate exhibiting linearity in the range 5-15μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 1.27%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) were found to be 1.106mg/ml and 3.35mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: A simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate in tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries

Lecture hall graphs and the Askey scheme

We establish, for every family of orthogonal polynomials in the $q$-Askey scheme and the Askey scheme, a combinatorial model for mixed moments and coefficients in terms of paths on the lecture hall graph. This generalizes the previous results of Corteel and Kim for the little $q$-Jacobi polynomials. We build these combinatorial models by bootstrapping, beginning with polynomials at the bottom and working towards Askey-Wilson polynomials which sit at the top of the $q$-Askey scheme. As an application of the theory, we provide the first combinatorial proof of the symmetries in the parameters of the Askey-Wilson polynomials.Comment: 43 pages, 23 figure