Obstetric outcome in pregnancy complicated by ovarian cysts

Background: Ovarian masses are diagnosed in 0.5-1% pregnancies. During pregnancy ovarian cysts can undergo: resolution of the cyst, change of ultrasound pattern, occurrence of ovarian torsion and intra-cystic haemorrhage or rupture. Ovarian masses (esp torsion) is a cause of pain abdomen during pregnancy. The choice of treatment is mainly conservative, provided the patient is asymptomatic. Dilemma in management arises when the patient is symptomatic. Optimal timing for a planned surgery is the second trimester as it is shown to have least neonatal outcome. The objective of this study was to evaluate management options for ovarian cyst in pregnancy and its effect on outcome of pregnancy.Methods: This study was conducted for 2 years from June 2014 to June 2016, at RL Jalappa Hospital, Kolar. A total of 46 pregnant women were included. The pregnancy outcome and the management used were studied. Also studied were the complications most likely to occur in pregnancies complicated by ovarian masses ovarian masses.Results: Out of 46 patients, 2 (4.3%) patients with ovarian cyst torsion underwent emergency laparotomy. 8 patients underwent surgery (6 in 2nd trimester and 2 at term) for various complications. Only one patient had miscarriage and remaining patients continued till term. Histopathological report of all the masses excised were obtained and 6 were reported to be benign serous cystadenomas,1 benign mucinous cystadenoma and 3 simple cysts.Conclusions: Optimal management for ovarian cyst is conservative in pregnancy provided patient remain asymptomatic and characteristic of cyst are consistent with benign pathology. Surgical management is to be reserved for symptomatic patient

In vitro propagation of Aloe barbadensis Miller, a miracle herb

Aloe vera has valuable medicinal properties and is commercially used inpharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries. An efficient micro propagation method hasbeen developed in Aloe vera plants using the shoot tip explants cultured on MS mediumwith different phyto hormonal supplements for shoot proliferation and rooting. Theshoot proliferation was found best (80%) in the MS medium containing Benzyl aminopurine (BAP) 2.0 mg/L. Seventy percent of adventitious root formation was observed inhalf strength MS medium supplemented with Indole butyric acid (IBA). After two weeks,in vitro grown plants were transferred to the poly-cups containing 1:1 ratio of soil an

In vitro propagation of Banana (Musa sp - Rasthali variety) from sword suckers for its commercial production

Banana is the fourth most important fruit crop, in the world as well as in India. In vitro propagation of bananas provided excellent advantages, including a high multiplicationrate, physiological uniformity and the availability of disease-free material all round the year, faster growth in the earlier stages in comparison with conventional plants. An efficient micropropagation method has been developed in banana plants using the sword sucker explantscultured on MS medium with different phyto hormonal supplements for shoot and rootproliferation. The shoot proliferation was found best (80%) in the MS medium containing Benzylaminopurine (BAP) 2.0 mg/l. Maximum percent of adventitious root formation wasobserved in half strength MS medium supplemented with Indole butyric acid (IBA)1.5mg/land Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) 1.0mg/l. After three weeks, in vitro grown plants weretransferred to the poly-cups containing 1:1 ratio of soil and sand respectively for hardening and then transferred to garden in which showed 75% survival efficiency. In the present studya simple two step protocol was established using MS medium with 2.0mg/l for shoot proliferation and 1.5mg/l IBA + 1.0 mg/l NAA for rooting in banana. This protocol might beused for the massive in vitro production of the plantlets of banana

Conventional and Molecular Breeding Approaches for Biofortification of Pearl Millet

Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is an essential diet of more than 90 million people in the semi-arid tropics of the world where droughts and low fertility of soils cause frequent failures of other crops. It is an important nutri-rich grain cereal in the drier regions of the world grown on 26 mha by millions of farmers (IFAD 1999; Yadav and Rai 2013). This makes pearl millet the sixth most important crop in the world and fourth most important food crop of the India, next to rice, wheat, and maize with annual cultivation over an area of ~8 mha. Pearl millet is also primary food crop in sub-Saharan Africa and is grown on 15 mha (Yadav and Rai 2013). The significant increase in productivity of pearl millet in India is attributed to development and adoption of hybrids of early to medium duration maturity. More than 120 diverse hybrids/varieties have been released till date for various production environments. The heterosis breeding and improved crop management technologies increased productivity substantially achieving higher increased production of 9.80 mt in 2016–2017 from 2.60 mt in 1950–1951 in spite of declined of area under the crop by 20–30% over last two decades (Yadav et al. 2012)

Molecular Characterization and Evaluation of Two Potential Mosquitocidal Lysinibacillus Strains from Himalayan Valley Kashmir

In an exertion to isolate natural non-harmful mosquitocidal bacteria, 158 samples of soil were collected from various habitats of Himalayan valley Kashmir. A total of 450 bacteria were screened for mosquitocidal activities against three epidemiological disease causing vectors: Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi larvae/pupae. Out of 450 bacteria screened, none had shown pupicidal activity. However, two isolates KS2-15 and KS2-13 exhibited mosquito larvicidal activity against C. quinquefasciatus (LC50: 1.36 × 103 spores/mL; 1.41 × 103 spores/mL respectively) and A. stephensi (LC50: 2.14 × 103 spores/mL; 2.11 × 103 spores/mL correspondingly). These two isolates were identified, morphologically, biochemically and comparative investigation of 16S rRNA gene sequences, as Lysinibacillus sphaericus (previously Bacillus sphaericus). Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of spore crystal mixture of each strain revealed two major bands of around 51.4 kDa and 41.9 kDa. PCR of mosquitocidal toxin genes showed the presence of binA and binB genes in both the strains. Comparative amino acid sequence analysis revealed that the BinA (41.9 kDa) and BinB (51.4kDa) proteins of KS2-13 and L. sphaericus 2362 differ by 3 (K89E, E104A, Y176D) and 6 (A69S, K70N, I110T, N248H, H314L and L317F) amino acids respectively. Similarly BinA and BinB proteins of KS2-15 and L. sphaericus 2362 strains vary by 1(E104A) and 3 (H109P, N248H and P274S) amino acids respectively. The varied amino acid sequences could be reason for the difference in activity. These two strains can act as good candidates for insecticidal formulation. Moreover, we reported for the first time the isolation of mosquitocidal Lysinibacillus strains from Kashmir valley

Experiments and ANFIS modelling for the biodegradation of penicillin-G wastewater using anaerobic hybrid reactor

The performance of an anaerobic hybrid reactor (AHR) for treating penicillin-G wastewater was investigated at the ambient temperatures of 30-35°C for 245days in three phases. The experimental data were analysed by adopting an adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model, which combines the merits of both fuzzy systems and neural network technology. The statistical quality of the ANFIS model was significant due to its high correlation coefficient R2 between experimental and simulated COD values. The R2 was found to be 0.9718, 0.9268 and 0.9796 for the I, II and III phases, respectively. Furthermore, one to one correlation among the simulated and observed values was also observed. The results showed the proposed ANFIS model was well performed in predicting the performance of AHR. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd

An inexpensive and rapid diagnostic method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)

SARS-CoV-2 is a public pandemic health concern globally. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples are used for Covid-19 viral detection. Sample collection procedure was tedious and uncomfortable and unsuitable for biochemical and CBC analysis in swab samples. Biochemistry and CBC tests are key determinant in management of Covid-19 patients. We developed a LAMP test to detect viral RNA in blood samples. LAMP is required four specific primers targeting the internal transcribed S-region and loop primers for viral RNA amplification. RNA was extracted from blood samples by TRIzol method. LAMP reaction was performed at 60 °C for 1 hour and amplicons were visualized in HNB dye. No cross-reactivity was seen with HBV, HCV, and HIV infected sample. Out of 40 blood samples, 33 samples were positive for LAMP and Q-PCR analysis, one sample was positive for LAMP and negative for Q-PCR, two samples were negative for LAMP but positive for Q-PCR, and four blood samples were negative for LAMP and Q-PCR. LAMP method has an accuracy of 92.50%, with sensitivity and specificity of 94.28% and 80%, respectively. Thus, LAMP diagnostic test has proved reliable, fast, inexpensive and can be useful for detection where the limited resources available. • LAMP method is a potential tool for detection of SARS-CoV-2. • Blood samples are the key determinant for routine diagnostics as well as molecular diagnostics. • LAMP assay is an appropriate diagnostics method which offers greater simplicity, low cost, sensitivity, and specificity than other methods in molecular diagnostics

Design and Development of Optimal and Deep-Learning-Based Demand Response Technologies for Residential Hybrid Renewable Energy Management System

The principal goal of this study is to conduct a techno-economic analysis of hybrid energy generation designs for residential-form houses in urban areas. Various possibilities for a form house electrification system are created and simulated in order to determine an optimum ideal configuration for meeting residential load demand with an increase in energy capacity and minimal investment. Using NREL’s HOMER optimization tool, a case-study-based virtual HRE model is developed. Pre-assessment data and relevant operation constraints are used to build the system’s objective functions. The instantaneous energy balance algorithm technique is used to solve the multi-objective function. The overall optimization procedure is sandwiched between two supporting advanced approaches, pre- and post-operations. The development of an optimal techno-economic hybrid energy generation system for the smooth fulfillment of urban load demand is aided by novel deep belief network (NDBN)-based pre-stage load demand predictions and an analysis of the necessary demand side management (DSM)practicing code for utility efficiency improvements in post-stage simulations