31 research outputs found
Raising awareness of non-hodgkin lymphoma in HIV-infected adolescents: Report of 2 cases in the HAART era
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) chronically infected patients are at increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma compared with the general population. Highly active antiretroviral therapy has had a dramatic effect on the natural history of HIV infection, reducing the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma and improving overall survival. However, problems related to adherence to treatment, frequently experienced during adolescence, may increase the risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related cancers. Optimizing highly active antiretroviral therapy and monitoring noncompliant patients with persisting HIV replication should be considered by physicians who take care of these patients. We herein report 2 cases of relapsed/progressive Burkitt lymphoma in HIV vertically infected adolescents
Phase II study of two dose schedules of C.E.R.A. (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) in anemic patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy
BACKGROUND: C.E.R.A. (Continuous Erythropoietin Receptor Activator) is an innovative agent with unique erythropoietin receptor activity and prolonged half-life. This study evaluated C.E.R.A. once weekly (QW) or once every 3 weeks (Q3W) in patients with anemia and advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving chemotherapy. METHODS: In this Phase II, randomized, open-label, multicenter, dose-finding study, patients (n = 218) with Stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 11 g/dL were randomized to one of six treatment groups of C.E.R.A. administered subcutaneously for 12 weeks: 0.7, 1.4, or 2.1 μg/kg QW or 2.1, 4.2, or 6.3 μg/kg Q3W. Primary endpoint was average Hb level between baseline and end of initial treatment (defined as last Hb measurement before dose reduction or transfusion, or the value at week 13). Hematopoietic response (Hb increase ≥ 2 g/dL or achievement of Hb ≥ 12 g/dL with no blood transfusion in the previous 28 days determined in two consecutive measurements within a 10-day interval) was also measured. RESULTS: Dose-dependent Hb increases were observed, although the magnitude of increase was moderate. Hematopoietic response rate was also dose dependent, achieved by 51% and 62% of patients in the 4.2 and 6.3 μg/kg Q3W groups, and 63% of the 2.1 μg/kg QW group. In the Q3W group, the proportion of early responders (defined as ≥ 1 g/dL increase in Hb from baseline during the first 22 days) increased with increasing C.E.R.A. dose, reaching 41% with the highest dose. In the 6.3 μg/kg Q3W group, 15% of patients received blood transfusion. There was an inclination for higher mean Hb increases and lower transfusion use in the Q3W groups than in the QW groups. C.E.R.A. was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSION: C.E.R.A. administered QW or Q3W showed clinical activity and safety in patients with NSCLC. There were dose-dependent increases in Hb responses. C.E.R.A. appeared to be more effective when the same dose over time was given Q3W than QW, with a suggestion that C.E.R.A. 6.3 μg/kg Q3W provided best efficacy in this study. However, further dose-finding studies using higher doses are required to determine the optimal C.E.R.A. dose regimen in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Clinical spectrum and features of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: A large patient cohort study.
BACKGROUND: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) is a recently described combined immunodeficiency resulting from gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CD, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ). OBJECTIVE: We sought to review the clinical, immunologic, histopathologic, and radiologic features of APDS in a large genetically defined international cohort. METHODS: We applied a clinical questionnaire and performed review of medical notes, radiology, histopathology, and laboratory investigations of 53 patients with APDS. RESULTS: Recurrent sinopulmonary infections (98%) and nonneoplastic lymphoproliferation (75%) were common, often from childhood. Other significant complications included herpesvirus infections (49%), autoinflammatory disease (34%), and lymphoma (13%). Unexpectedly, neurodevelopmental delay occurred in 19% of the cohort, suggesting a role for PI3Kδ in the central nervous system; consistent with this, PI3Kδ is broadly expressed in the developing murine central nervous system. Thoracic imaging revealed high rates of mosaic attenuation (90%) and bronchiectasis (60%). Increased IgM levels (78%), IgG deficiency (43%), and CD4 lymphopenia (84%) were significant immunologic features. No immunologic marker reliably predicted clinical severity, which ranged from asymptomatic to death in early childhood. The majority of patients received immunoglobulin replacement and antibiotic prophylaxis, and 5 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Five patients died from complications of APDS. CONCLUSION: APDS is a combined immunodeficiency with multiple clinical manifestations, many with incomplete penetrance and others with variable expressivity. The severity of complications in some patients supports consideration of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe childhood disease. Clinical trials of selective PI3Kδ inhibitors offer new prospects for APDS treatment.T.C. is supported by National Children’s Research Centre, Our Lady’s Children’s Hospital Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland.
A.C. has a Wellcome Trust Postdoctoral Training Fellowship for Clinicians (103413/Z/13/Z).
K.O. is supported by funding from BBSRC, MRC, Wellcome Trust and GSK.
R.D. and D.S.K are funded by National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK.
C.S. and S.E. are supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF 01 EO 0803 grant to the Center of Chronic immunodeficiency and BMBF 01GM1111B grant to the PID-NET initiative).
S.N.F is supported in part by the Southampton UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility and NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit.
M.A.A.I. is funded by NHS Innovation London and King’s College Hospital Charitable Trust.
A.F., S.L., A.D., F.R-L and S.K. are supported by the European Union’s 7th RTD Framework Programme (ERC advanced grant PID-IMMUNE contract 249816) and a government grant managed by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche as part of the "Investments for the Future" program (ANR-10-IAHU-01).
S.L. is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) (ANR-14-CE14-0028-01), the Foundation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (France), the Rare Diseases Foundation (France) and François Aupetit Association (France).
S.L. is a senior scientist and S.K is a researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-CNRS (France).
A.D. and S.K. are supported by the “Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale". S.K. also supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (grant number: ING20130526624), la Ligue Contre le Cancer (Comité de Paris) and the Centre de Référence Déficits Immunitaires Héréditaires (CEREDIH).
S.O.B is supported by the Higher Education Funding Council for England.
B.V. is supported by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/I007806/1], Cancer Research UK [C23338/A15965) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre. B.V. is consultant to Karus Therapeutics (Oxford, UK).
S.N. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science (095198/Z/10/Z). S.N. is also supported by the European Research Council Starting grant 260477, the EU FP7 collaborative grant 261441 (PEVNET project) and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, UK.
A.M.C. is funded by the Medical Research Council, British Lung Foundation, University of Sheffield and Cambridge NIHR-BRC. Research in A.M.C. laboratory has received non-commercial grant support from GSK, Novartis, and MedImmune.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.02
INTERGENERATIONAL FAMILIAL PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN 22Q11.2 SUBJECTS: A MULTICENTER STUDY WITHIN THE ITALIAN PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES NETWORK (IPINET)
Interactions of U937 Macrophage-Like Cells With Decellularized Pericardial Matrix Materials: Influence of Crosslinking Treatment
Advanced glycation end-product cross-linking inhibits biomechanical plasticity and characteristic failure morphology of native tendon
Relapsing Campylobacter jejuni Systemic Infections in a Child with X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary immunodeficiency of the humoral compartment, due to a mutation in the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene, characterized by a severe defect of circulating B cells and serum immunoglobulins. Recurrent infections are the main clinical manifestations; although they are especially due to encapsulated bacteria, a specific association with Campylobacter species has been reported. Here, we report the case of a boy with XLA who presented with relapsing Campylobacter jejuni systemic infections. His clinical history supports the hypothesis of the persistence of C. jejuni in his intestinal tract. Indeed, as previously reported, XLA patients may become chronic intestinal carriers of Campylobacter, even in absence of symptoms, with an increased risk of relapsing bacteraemia. The humoral defect is considered to be crucial for this phenomenon, as well as the difficulties to eradicate the pathogen with an appropriate antibiotic therapy; drug resistance is raising in Campylobacter species, and the appropriate duration of treatment has not been established. C. jejuni should always be suspected in XLA patients with signs and symptoms of systemic infection, and treatment should be based on antibiogram to assure the eradication of the pathogen