Relationship Between Duration of Type 2 Diabetes and Effectiveness of DPP-4 Inhibitor Versus Sulfonylurea as Add-on Therapy: A Post Hoc Analysis

<p><strong>Article full text</strong></p> <p><br> The full text of this article can be found <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13300-017-0276-1"><b>here</b>.</a><br> <br> <strong>Provide enhanced digital features for this article</strong><br> If you are an author of this publication and would like to provide additional enhanced digital features for your article then please contact <u>[email protected]</u>.<br> <br> The journal offers a range of additional features designed to increase visibility and readership. All features will be thoroughly peer reviewed to ensure the content is of the highest scientific standard and all features are marked as ‘peer reviewed’ to ensure readers are aware that the content has been reviewed to the same level as the articles they are being presented alongside. Moreover, all sponsorship and disclosure information is included to provide complete transparency and adherence to good publication practices. This ensures that however the content is reached the reader has a full understanding of its origin. No fees are charged for hosting additional open access content.<br> <br> Other enhanced features include, but are not limited to:<br> • Slide decks<br> • Videos and animations<br> • Audio abstracts<br> • Audio slides<u></u></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p

Systematic Literature Review of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Renal Impairment

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Correlations between osteocalcin and parameters of glucose metabolism.

<p>Values are standardized linear regression coefficients (Beta_std) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Statistically significant values are <b>bolded</b>. Fasting osteocalcin values were used to evaluate association to fasting insulin and 2-hour osteocalcin values were used to study association to 2-hour glucose values.</p

Serum levels of insulin, glucose, and osteocalcin before (fasting) and after (120 min) OGTT in the Term and VLBW groups.

<p>Values are geometric means (SD) and the p values are for the difference between Term and VLBW groups with one-way ANOVA (after logarithmic transformation) or Mann-Whitney nonparametric test (%-changes). Results are shown for the entire cohort (n = 331) and for males (n = 138) and females (n = 193) separately. Significant p values are shown in bold. HOMA-IR was calculated as Fasting Insulin * Fasting Glucose divided by 22.5.</p

Characteristics of the study population (n = 332).

<p>Values are mean (SD) and the p values are for the difference between Term and VLBW groups with one-way ANOVA or Pearson’s chi-square test. Significant p values are shown in bold. DXA results were available for 284/332 participants.</p

Standardized linear regression coefficients (Beta_std) between OGTT-induced changes (Δ120 min, from 0 to 120 min) in glucose, insulin and osteocalcin levels.

<p>P values are indicated with asterisks (*p<0.05, ***p<0.001).</p

Standardized linear regression coefficients (βstd) between fasting insulin and A) total osteocalcin or B) carboxylated osteocalcin.

<p>Results are shown separately for the entire cohort (All) and the two groups (Term, VLBW) and they have been adjusted for age, gender and Z-score for lumbar spine BMD. Squares indicate the value for βstd, and the whiskers represent 95% confidence interval. The P values are indicated with asterisks: *, P<0.05; **, P<0.01; ***, P<0.001; ns, not significant.</p

Glucose (A), insulin (B), total osteocalcin (C) and carboxylated osteocalcin (D) before and after 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test in term and VLBW subjects.

<p>The lines inside the boxes represent the 50th percentile; the limits of the boxes represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, and the whiskers represent the 10th and 90th percentiles.</p