Os efeitos da ordem dos exercícios de um programa de treino multicomponente na composição corporal, força isométrica e aptidão funcional em idosas

Objetivo: verificar os efeitos da ordem de exercitação do treino multicomponente (TMC) na composição corporal (CC), na força isométrica (FI) e aptidão funcional (ApF) em idosas. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 91 idosas divididas aleatoriamente em três grupos: (i) grupo de controlo (GC; n=29; 69,84±5,95 anos) sem prática de exercício físico; (ii) grupo de TMC A (GA; n= 30; 69,46±5,63 anos) - aquecimento, seguido de treino aeróbio, treino de força e relaxamento; (iii) grupo de treino TMC B (GB; n=32; 70,29±5,28anos) - aquecimento, seguido de treino de força, treino aeróbio e relaxamento. Foi avaliada a CC: Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), Metabolismo Basal (MB); Água (H2O) Massa Magra (MM), Massa Gorda (MG), Densidade Mineral Óssea (DMO) e Gordura Visceral (GV) (Tanita, Illinois, USA®); a ApF (Functional Fitness Test®); a FI da extensão do joelho (EJ), flexão do joelho (FJ) e flexão do cotovelo (FC) (dinamómetro Globos®); e a força de preensão manual M dinam metro amar ®). As avaliações foram feitas no início, após 16 semanas e após 32 semanas. Fez-se uma análise estatística em testes paramétricos: Anova a um fator para comparação entre grupos e Anova a medidas repetidas e/ou testes não paramétricos: Kruskal-Wallis (alternativo a Anova a um fator) e Friedman (alternativo a Anova a medidas repetidas). Resultados: Na CC houve diferenças significativas no MB entre o GA e GB (Z=-3,578; p=0,000), e entre o GB e GC (Z=-2,570; p=0,001); GV entre o GA e GB (Z=-3,169; p=0,006); DMO entre GA e GB (Z=-3254; p=0,006); MM entre GA e GB (Z=-2,804; p=0,015) a MG entre o GA e GC (Z=-2,497; p=0,024). Na FI verificaram-se diferenças significativas na EJ entre o GA e GC (Z=-3,419; p=0,002) e entre o GB e GC (Z=-2,490; p=0,002); FJ entre o GA e GC (Z=-4,394;p=0,000) e entre o GB e GC (Z=-2,827;p=0,002); FC entre o GA e GB (Z=-3,438;p=0,000) e GA e GC (Z=-4,819;p=0,000); PM entre o GA e GB (Z=-2,796;p=0,004) e GA e GC (Z=-2,945;p=0,004). Na ApF verificaram-se, igualmente, diferenças significativas no Seat and reach entre o GB e GC (Z=-3,266; p=0,000; =11,3% ; Time Up and Go entre o GB e GC χ =-3,777; p=0,000; r=13,0%) e GA e GC (ET=-4,297; p=0,000; r=14,8%); no Chair stand entre o GC e GA (p=0,014) e o GC e GB (p=0,002). Conclusão: o presente estudo sugere que o TMC apresenta, em geral, resultados significativos na CC, aumento da FI e melhorias na ApF, quando estruturado da seguinte forma: aquecimento, treino aeróbio, treino de força e relaxamento.Objective: to verify the effects of the exercise order of multicomponent training (MCT) on body composition (BC), isometric strength (IS), and functional fitness (FF) in elderly women. Methods: The sample consisted of 91 elderly women, randomly divided into three groups: (i) control group (GC; n=29, mean age=69.84±5.95 years) without physical exercise; (ii) MCT group A (GA; n=30, mean age=69.46±5.63 years) warming up, followed by aerobic training, strength training and relaxation, and (iii) MCT group B (GB; n=32, mean age=70.29±5.28 years) warming up, followed by strength training, aerobic training and relaxation. BC was assessed: the Body Mass Index (BMI), Lean body Mass (LBM), Fat Mass (FM), Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Visceral Fat (VF) (Tanita, Illinois, USA®); the FF (Functional Fitness Test®); the IS of knee extension (KE), knee flexion (KF), elbow flexion (EF) (Globos® dynamometer); handgrip strength (HS) (Jamar® dynamometer). Assessments were made at the beginning, after 16 weeks, and after 32 weeks. A statistical analysis was performed in parametric tests: One-way Anova for comparison between groups, and Anova to repeated measures and/or non-parametric tests: Kruskal-Wallis (alternative to one-way Anova) and Friedman (alternative to Anova to repeated measures). Results: In BC, there were significant differences in BM between GA and GB (Z=-3,578; p=0,000), and between the GB and GC (Z=-2,570; p=0,001); VF between GA and GB (Z=-3,169; p=0,006); BMD between GA and GB (Z=-3254; p=0,006); LBM between GA and GB(Z=-2,804; p=0,015) the FM between the GA and GC (Z=-2,497; p=0,024). In IS there were significant differences in KE between GA and GC (Z=-3,419; p=0,002) and between the GB and GC (Z=-2,490; p=0,002); KF between GA and GC (Z=-4,394;p=0,000)and between the GB and GC (Z=-2,827;p=0,002); EF between GA and GB (Z=-3,438;p=0,000) and GA and GC (Z=-4,819;p=0,000); handgrip between the GA and GB (Z=-2,796;p=0,004) and GA and GC (Z=-2,945;p=0,004). In FF, there were also significant differences in Seat and reach between GB and GC (Z=-3,266; p=0,000; =11,3%); Time Up and Go between GB and GC (χ =-3,777; p=0,000; r=13,0%) and GA and GC (ET=-4,297; p=0,000; r=14,8%); on the Chair stand between the GC and GA (p=0,014) and the GC and GB (p=0,002). Conclusion: The present study suggests that MCT generally presents significant results in BC, increased IS and improvements in FF, when structured as follows: warming up, followed by aerobic training, strength training and relaxation

Changing elderlies strength levels with a four months multicomponent training program

The multicomponent training seems to positively influence elderly’s physical fitness. It is unclear the effects of this type of training with less intervention time in strength levels. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of a multicomponent training program with four months in elderly’s strength levels. The sample of this study was composed by 30 subjects with 69.30 (± 5.45) years old and 71.80 (± 8.97) Kg. Body weight was assessed with a bioimpedance balance. The knee flection and extension, arm curl and abduction were assessed with a strain gauge in kilograms of force (Kgf). There were no significant differences between the two moments. However, the mean body weight, knee flection and extension strength levels increased. A four months multicomponent training program seem to be insufficient to improve strength levels in elderlies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Associative study between handgrip strength, body composition and functional fitness in healthy elderlies

Poor handgrip strength is associated with [1,2]. As far as our understanding goes, [1] elderly’s disability independent elderlies trend to have high levels of quality of life . Even more, body composition and functional fitness presents [2] association with quality of life . OBJECTIVE: Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the associations between body composition, functional fitness and handgrip strength. METHODS: It was hypothesized that handgrip strength is associated with elderly’s body composition and functional fitness. Forty-eight elderly subjects (10 males and 38 females) with 69.61 (± 4.21) years old volunteered for this study. All the procedures were in accord to the Helsinki’s declaration regarding human research. The handgrip strength was measured with a digital mechanical dynamometer (CAMRY, New York, USA). The functional fitness was assessed by the functional fitness [3] test . The body composition was evaluated by a bioimpedance balance (Tanita, BC-601, Illinois, USA). The spearmen’s test allowed to assess the significant associations between the handgrip strength, functional fitness and body composition.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio