Which diseases are risk factors for developing gastroesophageal reflux disease?

Although the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains unclear, it is accepted as a multifactorial disease. It is thought that some of the interventions that might cause alterations in the normal gastrointestinal tract anatomy and diseases that affect the lower esophageal sphincter, esophageal clearance, and stomach motility (gastric emptying) might lay a foundation for GERD development. Moreover, it is common knowledge that GERD might cause various extraesophageal symptoms and complications. A possible connection between GERD and sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, mixed connective tissue disorders, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, diabetes mellitus, cholecystectomy, sleeve gastrectomy, sleep apnea syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma were summarized in this literature review

How is gastroesophageal reflux disease classified?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions in the daily practice of gastroenterologists. Due to variations in symptoms and clinical findings, differences in the severity of the disease in each patient and the fact that diverse methods are used for making a diagnosis makes a single and standard classification of this disease impossible. Here a step-approach suitable for GERD classification is summarized

Endoscopic submucosal resection of gastric subepithelial lesions smaller than 20 mm: a comparison of saline solution-assisted snare and cap band mucosectomy techniques

Background and Aims: Application of endoscopic submucosal resection (ESMR) in the management of gastric subepithelial lesions (GSLs) less than 20 mm is gradually increasing because it allows diagnosis and treatment at the same operative session. In this study, we compare and evaluate the benefits of ESMR with an endoscopic cap band mucosectomy technique or saline solution-assisted snare technique in GSLs smaller than 20 mm

Acute pancreatitis associated with H1N1 influenza during 2009 pandemic: A case report

The relationship between viral infections and acute pancreatitis (AP) is not well-defined and universally accepted. Although an association is debated due to lack of solid evidence, a vast number of case reports suggest a possible interrelation. Influenza A virus is one of the most common infectious pathogens in humans but the incidence of subclinical or overt AP during the course of flu is unknown. We report a case of AP, which occurs shortly after a H1N1 infection during the pandemic in 2009. (C) 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved