Books Received

WOS: 000324163700028In this study, estimation of narrow sense heritability, genetic correlations and relative effects of direct versus indirect selection were aimed for peduncle length, spike length, number of spikelet per spike and number of kernels per spike as selection was applied for shorter plant height in common wheat population of (Golia x Atilla-12) cross. While the indirect effect of direct selection for plant height was observed negative on number of kernels per spike, positive effect was obtained on peduncle length. It was understood that selection of peduncle length can be done indirectly through the selection for short plant height in the (Golia x Atilla-12), but while it had no effect on other components. Therefore, it was concluded that direct selection for short plant height can be done successfully, and on various selection practices and studies are necessary for the spike length, number of spikelet per spike and number of kernels per spike. (C) 2013 Friends Science Publisher

The interrelations of radiologic findings and mechanical ventilation in community acquired pneumonia patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a multicentre retrospective study

BACKGROUND: We evaluated patients admitted to the intensive care units with the diagnosis of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) regarding initial radiographic findings. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was held. Chest x ray (CXR) and computerized tomography (CT) findings and also their associations with the need of ventilator support were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 388 patients were enrolled. Consolidation was the main finding on CXR (89%) and CT (80%) examinations. Of all, 45% had multi-lobar involvement. Bilateral involvement was found in 40% and 44% on CXR and CT respectively. Abscesses and cavitations were rarely found. The highest correlation between CT and CXR findings was observed for interstitial involvement. More than 80% of patients needed ventilator support. Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) requirement was seen to be more common in those with multi-lobar involvement on CXR as 2.4-fold and consolidation on CT as 47-fold compared with those who do not have these findings. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) need increased 8-fold in patients with multi-lobar involvement on CT. CONCLUSION: CXR and CT findings correlate up to a limit in terms of interstitial involvement but not in high percentages in other findings. CAP patients who are admitted to the ICU are severe cases frequently requiring ventilator support. Initial CT and CXR findings may indicate the need for ventilator support, but the assumed ongoing real practice is important and the value of radiologic evaluation beyond clinical findings to predict the mechanical ventilation need is subject for further evaluation with large patient series

Practical Diet Includes Low Fish Meal Protein Is Able To Sustain Growth Performance in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata, L.;1758) During the Grow-Out Period

WOS: 000292686100001During 12-week growing trial aimed to evaluate the effects of replacement of fishmeal and fish oil in practical diets for gilthead seabream with a complementary mixture of vegetable proteins (soybean, wheat and corn) and oils (soybean and rapeseed), in terms of growth performance, feed utilization and apparent digestibility of nutrients. Fifteen homogenous groups of 180 sea bream each (mean initial body weight: 190.4 +/- 5.4 g) were stocked in 2000-L tanks and fed one of five experimental pelleted diets formulated to be isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic. A control diet (Control) was formulated with practical ingredients to contain 49% protein, 20% fat and 24 kJ/g energy. Two other diets were formulated in order to replace 40 and 60% of fish meal by increasing levels of selected plant-protein (PP) ingredients and fish oil (FO) (PP40FO and PP60FO, respectively). Based on these two last diets, two others were formulated in which fish oil was replaced at a 62.5% level by a mixture of soybean and rapeseed oils (Vegetable Oil-VO) (PP40VO and PP60VO). Growth of gilthead seabream, expressed either as weight gain or daily growth index was not significantly affected by the replacement at either 40 or 60% of fishmeal by plant-protein sources. At 40% fishmeal replacement level, the further replacement of 62.5% of fish oil by vegetable oils had no effect on growth performance. However, the replacement of 60% fishmeal and 62.5% replacement of fish oil caused reduction in weight gain slightly, but essentially a significant decrease in feed efficiency (FE). Growth performance of gilthead seabream during grow-out was sustained by a practical diet formulation containing as little as 12% of fish meal protein

Phase diagram of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) plus water plus octanol system with application of mechanical deformation

9th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference (NANOTR) -- JUN 24-28, 2013 -- Erzurum, TURKEYWOS: 000344380500044Morphological properties of tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) + water + octanol system in different concentrations have been studied. In the process, isotropic phase (L-1) and nematic calamitic (N-C) nematic discotic (N-D), hexagonal E and lamellar D anizotropic mesophases have been determined by polarizing microscopy method and partial ternary phase diagram of the system set up. Textural properties of the anisotropic mesophases of the system have been discussed and their birefringence values measured. Mechanical deformation has been applied to the mesophases. The textural properties and the birefringence values have been observed to be changed by the deformation, after and before which changes have been compared. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis and biological evaluation of receptor-based tumor imaging agent: Tc-99m-folate-glucaric acid

WOS: 000294790800036PubMed ID: 21782912The aim of the present study was to prepare Tc-99m-folate-glucaric acid and investigate the radiopharmaceutical potential for tumors imaging that over express folate receptor. Folate-glucaric acid was synthesized and the synthesized folate conjugate was confirmed with H-1 NMR and LC-MS/MS methods. Folate-glucaric acid was labeled with Tc-99m, and its radiolabelling efficiency was found as 96 +/- 2.0%. Biodistribution study of Tc-99m-folate-glucaric acid was carried out in vivo using two groups of female Albino Wistar rats: folate receptor (FR) saturated and unsaturated. Biodistribution study showed that Tc-99m-folate-glucaric acid indicated high uptake in folate receptor rich tissues such as breast, ovary and uterus. Therefore, Tc-99m-folate-glucaric acid shows good radiolabeling and biodistribution in FR organs, the radiolabeled conjugate is a reason potentially useful radiopharmaceutical for detection of FR-positive tumors. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Tumor Targeting of Polymeric Nanoparticles Conjugated with Peptides, Saccharides, and Small Molecules for Anticancer Drugs

WOS: 000423532100013PubMed ID: 28911307Targeting drugs or pharmaceutical compounds to tumor site increases cancer treatment efficiency and therapeutic outcome. Nanoparticles are unique delivery systems for site-targeting within an organism. Many novel technologies have been established in drug research and development area. Nanotechnology now offers nanometer size polymeric nanoparticles and these particles direct drugs to their targets, protect drugs against degradation, and release the drug in a controlled manner. Modification of nanoparticle surface by molecules leads to prolonged retention and accumulation in the target area of the organism. Current efforts of designing polymeric nanoparticles include drug activation in the target area, controlled drug release at the site upon stimulation, and increased drug loading capacity of drug polymer conjugates. Recent progress in molecular mechanism elucidation of cancer cell and rising research in nanoparticle designs may provide efficient cancer treatment modality and innovative nanoparticle designs in the near future. Recent years have seen many developments in the field of innovative peptide based drug nanoparticles. Although none of them approved to be used in clinics yet, peptides are promising structures due to their simple and non-antigenic nature. Biodegradable materials are also preferred materials in drug delivery. Polysaccharide-based micelle systems improve hydrophobic drug and protein delivery. Ease of saccharide structure modification improves pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drug molecules as well as their delivery to a specific site in a controlled manner and sustained rate. Small molecules, especially drugs, conjugated to nanoparticles and several nanoparticles of this type are in the clinical trials and at the market. This review provides recent developments of polymeric nanoparticles conjugated with peptides, saccharides, and small molecules in cancer theraphy