The effects of estrogen and raloxifene treatment on antioxidant enzymes in brain and liver of ovarectomized female rats

WOS: 000183965300008PubMed ID: 12856805Recent studies documented that estrogen have antioxidant properties in-vitro, there are conflicting results on the effect of estrogen in vivo. We aimed to investigate the effects of estradiol and Raloxifene on the antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)] activities and MDA levels in brain and liver homogenates of ovariectomized female rats. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 26) were divided into three groups: (1) Ovariectomized placebo group (n = 6) was given physiologic saline. (2) Estrogen group (n = 10) was given Ethynyl estradiol, 0.1 mg/kg sc. (3) Raloxifene group (n = 10) was given raloxifene, 1 mg/kg sc during 8 weeks. Ten rats were used as naive controls without any treatment (Sham operated group, n = 10). Ovariectomy lead to an increase in the CAT activities in liver tissue samples compared to the sham group (p = 0.056, Mann-Whitney test). While estrogen treatment reversed to normal levels of CAT activities, raloxifene remained as ineffective. Superoxide dismutase activities and MDA levels in liver were remained unchanged in all groups. There was no significant change in the brain tissue SOD and CAT activities between the control, ovariectomy, estrogen treated, and raloxifen treated groups. We determined an increase in MDA levels in brain of ovariectomised rat (p = 0.02). While raloxifene treatment reversed to normal levels of MDA (p = 0.008), estrogen treatment failed. Our data showed that estrogen may play a role in regulation of CAT and SOD activities in liver due to its antioxidative effects. We can suggest that estrogen and raloxifene exert their antioxidative effects in brain rather than liver. Since Raloxifene's effect is more clear than estradiol, raloxifene may be suggested primarily for treatment and/or prevention of diseases which can be resulted from oxidative stress in postmenopausal women

The effects of estrogen and raloxifene treatment on the antioxidant enzymes and nitrite-nitrate levels in brain cortex of ovariectomized rats

WOS: 000181076000011PubMed ID: 12581835Number of studies indicate that the female gonadal hormone estrogen protects women against several neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia via various mechanisms. The possible protective effects of estrogen are mediated mainly by three ways; the activation of steroid receptors and/or modulation of a neurotransmitter and/or direct antioxidative action. Therefore we aimed to investigate the effects of estradiol and raloxifene on levels of nitric oxide (NO) and antioxidant enzymes in brain cortex of ovariectomized female rats. Ten Sprague-Dawley rats were used as naive controls while 32 rats were ovariectomized at 120-140 days of age. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy: (1) Ovariectomized Placebo group (n = 11), was given physiologic saline. (2) Estrogen group (n = 10) was given Ethynyl estradiol, 0.1 mg/kg sc. (3) Raloxifene group (n = 10) was given raloxifene, 1 mg/kg sc. At the end of the treatment period (8 weeks), rats were decapitated and cortex samples were dissected. Results showed that ovariectomy caused a decrease in total nitrite-nitrate levels. The NO levels of both the estrogen and the raloxifene group were higher than the placebo group. Catalase activities did not show any significant difference between the groups, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were elevated via ovariectomy. Estradiol and Raloxifene treatment had no statistically significant effect on SOD activity. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved

Effects of Ganoderma lucidum on the expression of Nrf2, NQO1 and HO-1 levels in hepatocarcinoma cells

41st FEBS Congress on Molecular and Systems Biology for a Better Life -- SEP 03-08, 2016 -- Kusadasi, TURKEYWOS: 000383616900352FEB

Apilarnil reduces fear and advances sexual development in male broilers but has no effect on growth

WOS: 000320864100011PubMed ID: 237961181. An experiment was conducted to determine the possibility of stimulating sexual development at an early age in male and female broiler chickens by administration of apilarnil, a natural bee product, in the pre-pubertal period. 2. From 28 to 55 d of age, birds were given apilarnil orally. The effects of low (2.5 g/bird) and high (7.5 g/bird) doses of apilarnil on growth performance, testicular weight, secondary sexual characteristics, blood lipids, testosterone and fearful behaviour were evaluated. 3. Apilarnil administration did not cause a positive effect on growth performance of male and female broilers suggesting that apilarnil did not have an anabolic effect. 4. Apilarnil administration suppressed blood glucose and cholesterol. 5. Birds receiving apilarnil remained immobile for a shorter period in a tonic imobiliy test and showed less home-cage avoidance responses suggesting a lower level of fearfulness. 6. Increases in testicular weight, testosterone concentration and comb growth in males receiving apilarnil implied that it stimulates the sexual maturation at an early age. However, a similar stimulation of secondary sexual characteristics was not observed in females.Scientific Research Projects Committee at Ege UniversityEge University [2003-ZRF-024]This study was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Committee at Ege University Project number (2003-ZRF-024). We wish to thank Ozlem Agricultural Product A.S. for providing broiler chickens and Keskinoglu Group for supplying feed materials